The Daily Editorial Analysis – English Vocabulary Building – 13 December 2025

Learn English Vocabulary – Daily Editorial Analysis – 13 December 2025

This blog post by Veranda RACE helps competitive exam aspirants learn 60+ high-level vocabulary English words with meanings, synonyms, antonyms and usage examples — perfect for Bank Exam, Insurance Exam, Intelligence Bureau, SSC Exam, Railways/RRB Exam, TNTET and UPSC Exam preparation.

This December 2025, Veranda RACE brings a focused learning guide to help competitive exam aspirants strengthen high-level English vocabulary with meanings, synonyms, antonyms and usage examples. This will be ideal for Bank Exams, Insurance Exams, SSC Exams, Railways/RRB Exams, TNTET, UPSC and Intelligence Bureau preparation. With major exams lined up this month such as the IBPS RRB PO Prelims, IBPS RRB Clerk Prelims, IBPS PO Mains and IBPS Clerk Mains, mastering strong vocabulary and comprehension has never been more important for both Prelims and Mains exams.

Reading the Daily Editorial Analysis curated by Veranda RACE every day builds your reading comprehension, critical thinking and vocabulary recall. It sharpens your ability to handle descriptive papers, mains answer writing and tricky prelims passages. Designed for clarity, accuracy and exam relevance, this English vocabulary series helps aspirants stay ahead of the curve. Prepare smarter with contextual learning from trusted sources, only at Veranda RACE.

Daily Editorial Vocabulary Analysis – 13 December 2025

1. Pacts

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Formal agreements between individuals, groups or nations

Tamil Meaning: ஒப்பந்தங்கள்

Malayalam Meaning: ഉടമ്പടികൾ

Kannada Meaning: ಒಪ್ಪಂದಗಳು

Synonyms: agreements, treaties, accords, covenants, contracts

Antonyms: disagreements, disputes, conflicts, breaches

Usage in Sentence: The pacts between the country and EFTA represent a significant step towards deeper economic integration.

2. Negotiations

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Discussions aimed at reaching an agreement

Tamil Meaning: பேச்சுவார்த்தைகள்

Malayalam Meaning: ചർച്ചകൾ

Kannada Meaning: ಮಾತುಕತೆಗಳು

Synonyms: discussions, talks, deliberations, bargaining, consultations

Antonyms: refusals, rejections, stalemates, impasses

Usage in Sentence: The negotiations with the European Union require careful consideration of carbon-intensive sectors.

3. Tariffs

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Taxes or duties imposed on imported or exported goods

Tamil Meaning: இறக்குமதி வரிகள்

Malayalam Meaning: തീരുവകൾ

Kannada Meaning: ಸುಂಕಗಳು

Synonyms: duties, levies, taxes, customs, excises

Antonyms: exemptions, subsidies, rebates, allowances

Usage in Sentence: The new tariffs of up to 50 per cent pose a serious challenge to the country’s exporters.

4. Intensive

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Involving a lot of effort, energy or attention concentrated over a short period

Tamil Meaning: தீவிரமான

Malayalam Meaning: തീവ്രമായ

Kannada Meaning: ತೀವ್ರವಾದ

Synonyms: concentrated, rigorous, thorough, exhaustive, demanding

Antonyms: superficial, casual, relaxed, minimal, light

Usage in Sentence: The administration is making intensive efforts to expedite trade agreements with major economies.

5. Fast-track

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To expedite or accelerate a process to achieve results more quickly

Tamil Meaning: விரைவுபடுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: വേഗത്തിലാക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ತ್ವರಿತಗೊಳಿಸು

Synonyms: expedite, accelerate, hasten, speed up, hurry

Antonyms: delay, postpone, slow down, hinder, obstruct

Usage in Sentence: The country must fast-track negotiations to counter the impact of rising protectionism.

6. Re-engagement

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The act of becoming involved again with something previously abandoned or withdrawn from

Tamil Meaning: மீண்டும் ஈடுபடுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: വീണ്ടും ഇടപെടൽ

Kannada Meaning: ಮರು ತೊಡಗಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: reconnection, renewal, resumption, return, reinvolvement

Antonyms: withdrawal, disengagement, separation, abandonment

Usage in Sentence: Discussions around re-engagement with RCEP remain tentative given past concerns.

7. Accession

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The act of joining or being admitted to a group, organisation or treaty

Tamil Meaning: இணைதல்

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രവേശനം

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರವೇಶ

Synonyms: admission, entry, joining, enrollment, acceptance

Antonyms: withdrawal, resignation, departure, exit, rejection

Usage in Sentence: The country has not accepted accession to the RCEP despite exploratory discussions.

8. Consultative

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Involving or intended for consultation and discussion

Tamil Meaning: ஆலோசனை சார்ந்த

Malayalam Meaning: കൂടിയാലോചനാപരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಸಮಾಲೋಚನಾತ್ಮಕ

Synonyms: advisory, deliberative, collaborative, cooperative, participatory

Antonyms: dictatorial, unilateral, autocratic, independent, isolated

Usage in Sentence: The country has explored consultative channels with RCEP members without committing to membership.

9. Diversification

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of expanding into a variety of different areas or products

Tamil Meaning: பல்வகைப்படுத்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: വൈവിധ്യവൽക്കരണം

Kannada Meaning: ವೈವಿಧ್ಯೀಕರಣ

Synonyms: variation, expansion, broadening, spreading, branching out

Antonyms: concentration, specialisation, focus, consolidation, narrowing

Usage in Sentence: Trade diversification requires fundamental transformation of productive sectors.

10. Deliberate

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Done consciously and intentionally; carefully thought out

Tamil Meaning: வேண்டுமென்றே செய்யப்பட்டது/ திட்டமிட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: ബോധപൂർവ്വമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಉದ್ದೇಶಪೂರ್ವಕ

Synonyms: intentional, calculated, planned, conscious, purposeful

Antonyms: accidental, unintentional, hasty, impulsive, spontaneous

Usage in Sentence: A deliberate transformation of the country’s productive capacity is essential for global competitiveness.

11. Integration

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of combining or incorporating parts into a unified whole

Tamil Meaning: ஒருங்கிணைப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: സംയോജനം

Kannada Meaning: ಏಕೀಕರಣ

Synonyms: incorporation, unification, combination, merger, consolidation

Antonyms: separation, segregation, division, disintegration, isolation

Usage in Sentence: Successful integration into global value chains demands significant policy reforms.

12. Tilted

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Moved or caused to move into a sloping position; became unbalanced

Tamil Meaning: சாய்ந்தது

Malayalam Meaning: ചരിഞ്ഞു

Kannada Meaning: ಓರೆಯಾಗಿದೆ

Synonyms: inclined, slanted, leaned, tipped, shifted

Antonyms: balanced, levelled, straightened, stabilised, evened

Usage in Sentence: Earlier FTAs have tilted the trade balance sharply against the country’s interests.

13. Deficit

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The amount by which something, especially expenditure or imports, exceeds income or exports

Tamil Meaning: பற்றாக்குறை

Malayalam Meaning: കമ്മി

Kannada Meaning: ಕೊರತೆ

Synonyms: shortfall, deficiency, shortage, loss, gap

Antonyms: surplus, excess, profit, abundance, gain

Usage in Sentence: The trade deficit with ASEAN has widened dramatically over the past six years.

14. Widened

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Became or made larger in extent or scope

Tamil Meaning: விரிவடைந்தது / அகலமாகுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: വിശാലമായി

Kannada Meaning: ವಿಸ್ತರಿಸಿತು

Synonyms: expanded, broadened, increased, enlarged, extended

Antonyms: narrowed, reduced, decreased, contracted, diminished

Usage in Sentence: The country’s trade imbalance with ASEAN has widened from $10 billion to $44 billion.

15. Barriers

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Obstacles or hindrances that prevent movement, access or progress

Tamil Meaning: தடைகள்

Malayalam Meaning: തടസ്സങ്ങൾ

Kannada Meaning: ತಡೆಗಳು

Synonyms: obstacles, impediments, hindrances, obstructions, hurdles

Antonyms: gateways, passages, facilitators, aids, openings

Usage in Sentence: Non-tariff barriers such as quality standards remain inadequately addressed in many FTAs.

16. Adequately

Part of speech: Adverb

Meaning: To a satisfactory or sufficient degree

Tamil Meaning: போதுமான அளவு

Malayalam Meaning: വേണ്ടത്ര

Kannada Meaning: ಸಾಕಷ್ಟು

Synonyms: sufficiently, satisfactorily, appropriately, properly, acceptably

Antonyms: inadequately, insufficiently, poorly, unsatisfactorily, deficiently

Usage in Sentence: Non-tariff barriers were not adequately negotiated in earlier trade agreements.

17. Robust

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Strong, healthy and effective; thorough and comprehensive

Tamil Meaning: வலுவான

Malayalam Meaning: ശക്തമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಬಲವಾದ

Synonyms: strong, vigorous, sturdy, sound, solid

Antonyms: weak, fragile, feeble, inadequate, flimsy

Usage in Sentence: Consultations with industry bodies were not sufficiently robust during earlier FTA negotiations.

18. Preferential

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Giving or showing preference or special advantage to someone or something

Tamil Meaning: முன்னுரிமை

Malayalam Meaning: മുൻഗണനാപരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಆದ್ಯತಾ

Synonyms: favourable, advantageous, special, privileged, favoured

Antonyms: equal, impartial, neutral, non-discriminatory, standard

Usage in Sentence: Partner economies made full use of the preferential margins whilst the host country failed to capitalise.

19. Accelerates

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Increases in speed or rate; causes to happen sooner

Tamil Meaning: விரைவுபடுத்துகிறது

Malayalam Meaning: ത്വരിതപ്പെടുത്തുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ವೇಗಗೊಳಿಸುತ್ತದೆ

Synonyms: speeds up, hastens, quickens, expedites, advances

Antonyms: slows, decelerates, delays, retards, hinders

Usage in Sentence: As the country accelerates negotiations with the European Union, it must learn from past mistakes.

20. Internalise

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To absorb and integrate ideas, values or lessons so they become part of one's thinking

Tamil Meaning: உள்வாங்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ആന്തരികമാക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಆಂತರಿಕಗೊಳಿಸು

Synonyms: absorb, assimilate, incorporate, adopt, integrate

Antonyms: externalise, reject, discard, ignore, dismiss

Usage in Sentence: The country must internalise lessons from previous FTAs to negotiate better terms.

21. Stance

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A particular position or attitude taken on an issue

Tamil Meaning: நிலைப்பாடு

Malayalam Meaning: നിലപാട്

Kannada Meaning: ನಿಲುವು

Synonyms: position, attitude, viewpoint, standpoint, perspective

Antonyms: indecision, neutrality, ambiguity, uncertainty, flexibility

Usage in Sentence: Industry consultations must shape the country’s negotiating stance with other economies.

22. Arduous

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring

Tamil Meaning: கடினமான

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രയാസകരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಕಷ್ಟಕರವಾದ

Synonyms: difficult, strenuous, challenging, demanding, laborious

Antonyms: easy, simple, effortless, straightforward, uncomplicated

Usage in Sentence: The arduous task of supporting exporters through infrastructure and technology must follow trade agreements.

23. Prominent

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Important, famous or well-known; standing out

Tamil Meaning: முக்கியமான

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രമുഖ

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಮುಖ

Synonyms: notable, distinguished, eminent, renowned, leading

Antonyms: obscure, unknown, insignificant, minor, inconspicuous

Usage in Sentence: A prominent Malayalam actor became the victim of a heinous crime in 2017.

24. Abducted

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Forcibly taken away against one's will; kidnapped

Tamil Meaning: கடத்தப்பட்டார்

Malayalam Meaning: തട്ടിക്കൊണ്ടുപോയി

Kannada Meaning: ಅಪಹರಿಸಲಾಯಿತು

Synonyms: kidnapped, seized, captured, taken, snatched

Antonyms: released, freed, liberated, rescued, returned

Usage in Sentence: The actor was abducted and assaulted in a moving vehicle in Kochi.

25. Assaulted

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Physically attacked or harmed someone

Tamil Meaning: தாக்கப்பட்டார்

Malayalam Meaning: ആക്രമിച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ಹಲ್ಲೆ ಮಾಡಲಾಯಿತು

Synonyms: attacked, violated, harmed, molested, abused

Antonyms: protected, defended, safeguarded, sheltered, assisted

Usage in Sentence: The survivor was assaulted during the horrific incident in a moving car.

26. Conspiracy

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful

Tamil Meaning: சதி

Malayalam Meaning: ഗൂഢാലോചന

Kannada Meaning: ಪಿತೂರಿ

Synonyms: plot, scheme, collusion, intrigue, machination

Antonyms: honesty, openness, transparency, forthrightness, candour

Usage in Sentence: The court convicted six men of harassment and criminal conspiracy.

27. Confinement

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The state of being kept in a restricted space or detained

Tamil Meaning: சிறைவாசம் / கட்டுப்பாடு

Malayalam Meaning: തടവ്

Kannada Meaning: ಸೆರೆವಾಸ

Synonyms: detention, imprisonment, captivity, custody, restraint

Antonyms: freedom, liberation, release, independence, liberty

Usage in Sentence: The accused were found guilty of wrongful confinement of the victim.

28. Rigorous

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Extremely thorough and careful; harsh or severe

Tamil Meaning: கடுமையான

Malayalam Meaning: കഠിനമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಕಠಿಣವಾದ

Synonyms: strict, severe, harsh, stringent, demanding

Antonyms: lenient, lax, mild, gentle, easy

Usage in Sentence: The convicted men were sentenced to 20 years of rigorous imprisonment.

29. Imprisonment

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The state of being confined in prison as punishment

Tamil Meaning: சிறைத்தண்டனை

Malayalam Meaning: തടവ്

Kannada Meaning: ಕಾರಾಗೃಹ

Synonyms: incarceration, detention, captivity, custody, internment

Antonyms: freedom, release, liberty, liberation, discharge

Usage in Sentence: The perpetrators received 20 years of imprisonment for their heinous crimes.

30. Acquitted

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Formally declared not guilty of a criminal charge

Tamil Meaning: விடுவிக்கப்பட்டார்

Malayalam Meaning: കുറ്റവിമുക്തനാക്കി

Kannada Meaning: ಖುಲಾಸೆಗೊಳಿಸಲಾಯಿತು

Synonyms: cleared, exonerated, absolved, discharged, vindicated

Antonyms: convicted, condemned, found guilty, blamed, charged

Usage in Sentence: The court acquitted the actor and two others of all charges in the criminal case.

31. Masterminding

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Planning and directing a complex scheme or enterprise

Tamil Meaning: திட்டமிடுதல் / மூளையாக செயல்படுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ആസൂത്രണം ചെയ്യുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಯೋಜಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: orchestrating, planning, directing, engineering, designing

Antonyms: following, obeying, executing, implementing, assisting

Usage in Sentence: The actor was accused of masterminding the conspiracy to assault the victim.

32. Citing

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Referring to or mentioning as evidence or justification

Tamil Meaning: மேற்கோள் காட்டுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഉദ്ധരിക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: quoting, referencing, mentioning, invoking, specifying

Antonyms: ignoring, omitting, excluding, overlooking, disregarding

Usage in Sentence: The court acquitted the accused citing insufficient evidence.

33. Insufficient

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Not enough; inadequate for a particular purpose

Tamil Meaning: போதுமானதாக இல்லாத

Malayalam Meaning: അപര്യാപ്തമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅಸಮರ್ಪಕ

Synonyms: inadequate, deficient, lacking, scanty, meagre

Antonyms: sufficient, adequate, ample, plenty, abundant

Usage in Sentence: The court found the evidence insufficient to prove the conspiracy charges.

34. Triggered

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Caused something to happen or begin

Tamil Meaning: தூண்டியது

Malayalam Meaning: ഉണർത്തി

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಚೋದಿಸಿತು

Synonyms: provoked, initiated, sparked, prompted, instigated

Antonyms: prevented, stopped, suppressed, halted, inhibited

Usage in Sentence: The acquittal triggered widespread outrage among activists and civil society.

35. Widespread

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Found or distributed over a large area or among many people

Tamil Meaning: பரவலான

Malayalam Meaning: വ്യാപകമായ

Kannada Meaning: ವ್ಯಾಪಕವಾದ

Synonyms: extensive, prevalent, common, universal, general

Antonyms: limited, restricted, isolated, rare, localised

Usage in Sentence: The verdict led to widespread criticism of the judicial process.

36. Outrage

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: An extremely strong reaction of anger or indignation

Tamil Meaning: சீற்றம்

Malayalam Meaning: രോഷം

Kannada Meaning: ಆಕ್ರೋಶ

Synonyms: anger, fury, indignation, wrath, resentment

Antonyms: approval, acceptance, calm, satisfaction, pleasure

Usage in Sentence: The acquittal sparked outrage amongst women's rights activists.

37. Decrying

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Publicly denouncing or criticising strongly

Tamil Meaning: கண்டனம் செய்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: അപലപിക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಖಂಡಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: condemning, criticising, denouncing, censuring, castigating

Antonyms: praising, commending, applauding, supporting, endorsing

Usage in Sentence: Activists are decrying the pattern of powerful men escaping accountability.

38. Dodging

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Avoiding or evading something, especially through cunning or trickery

Tamil Meaning: தவிர்த்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഒഴിഞ്ഞുമാറുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ತಪ್ಪಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು

Synonyms: evading, avoiding, eluding, escaping, sidestepping

Antonyms: facing, confronting, accepting, meeting, encountering

Usage in Sentence: Powerful men have been dodging accountability in high-profile cases.

39. Accountability

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The fact of being responsible for one's decisions and actions

Tamil Meaning: பொறுப்புணர்வு

Malayalam Meaning: ഉത്തരവാദിത്തം

Kannada Meaning: ಹೊಣೆಗಾರಿಕೆ

Synonyms: responsibility, answerability, liability, obligation, culpability

Antonyms: irresponsibility, unaccountability, immunity, exemption, impunity

Usage in Sentence: Ensuring accountability for perpetrators is essential for justice.

40. Exemplary

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Serving as a desirable model; outstanding or excellent

Tamil Meaning: முன்மாதிரியான

Malayalam Meaning: മാതൃകാപരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಆದರ್ಶಪ್ರಾಯ

Synonyms: outstanding, admirable, commendable, praiseworthy, model

Antonyms: poor, inadequate, inferior, substandard, deficient

Usage in Sentence: The survivor showed exemplary courage in pursuing justice for eight years.

41. Pursuing

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Following or seeking to achieve something over time

Tamil Meaning: பின்தொடர்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: പിന്തുടരുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಹಿಂಬಾಲಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: seeking, chasing, following, striving for, working towards

Antonyms: abandoning, avoiding, fleeing, escaping, forsaking

Usage in Sentence: The survivor's determination in pursuing justice inspired many women.

42. Galvanised

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Shocked or excited someone into taking action; stimulated or energised

Tamil Meaning: தூண்டியது /கிளர்ந்தெழச் செய்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഉത്തേജിപ്പിച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಚೋದಿಸಿತು

Synonyms: energised, stimulated, motivated, inspired, spurred

Antonyms: discouraged, demotivated, dispirited, disheartened, deterred

Usage in Sentence: The case galvanised civil society and women in the film industry.

43. Exposed

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Revealed or made visible something hidden or concealed

Tamil Meaning: அம்பலப்படுத்தியது

Malayalam Meaning: തുറന്നുകാട്ടി

Kannada Meaning: ಬಹಿರಂಗಪಡಿಸಿತು

Synonyms: revealed, uncovered, disclosed, unveiled, laid bare

Antonyms: concealed, hidden, covered, protected, shielded

Usage in Sentence: The incident exposed deep-seated misogyny in Malayalam cinema.

44. Deep-seated

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Firmly established and difficult to change; ingrained

Tamil Meaning: ஆழமாக வேரூன்றிய

Malayalam Meaning: ആഴത്തിൽ വേരൂന്നിയ

Kannada Meaning: ಆಳವಾಗಿ ಬೇರೂರಿದ

Synonyms: ingrained, entrenched, rooted, inherent, fundamental

Antonyms: superficial, temporary, shallow, surface-level, recent

Usage in Sentence: The incident revealed deep-seated misogyny within the film industry.

45. Misogyny

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Hatred, dislike or prejudice against women

Tamil Meaning: பெண் வெறுப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: സ്ത്രീവിരുദ്ധത

Kannada Meaning: ಸ್ತ್ರೀದ್ವೇಷ

Synonyms: sexism, male chauvinism, anti-feminism, prejudice, discrimination

Antonyms: feminism, equality, respect, fairness, egalitarianism

Usage in Sentence: The film industry's misogyny became starkly visible after the incident.

46. Machismo

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Strong or aggressive masculine pride or behaviour

Tamil Meaning: ஆண் ஆதிக்கம்

Malayalam Meaning: പുരുഷാധിപത്യം

Kannada Meaning: ಪುರುಷಪ್ರಾಬಲ್ಯ

Synonyms: masculinity, male dominance, chauvinism, bravado, arrogance

Antonyms: femininity, humility, gentleness, equality, sensitivity

Usage in Sentence: The culture of machismo in cinema needs to be challenged and dismantled.

47. Rallied

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Came together in support of a person or cause

Tamil Meaning: ஒன்றுதிரள்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഒത്തുചേർന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಒಟ್ಟುಗೂಡಿದರು

Synonyms: gathered, assembled, united, mobilised, congregated

Antonyms: dispersed, scattered, separated, disbanded, divided

Usage in Sentence: Women in the industry rallied behind the survivor despite facing backlash.

48. Vicious

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Deliberately cruel or violent; savage

Tamil Meaning: கொடூரமான

Malayalam Meaning: ക്രൂരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಕ್ರೂರವಾದ

Synonyms: cruel, brutal, savage, fierce, malicious

Antonyms: kind, gentle, compassionate, benevolent, merciful

Usage in Sentence: Supporters faced vicious online campaigns aimed at silencing them.

49. Denial

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The act of refusing to grant or allow something; rejection

Tamil Meaning: மறுப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: നിഷേധം

Kannada Meaning: ನಿರಾಕರಣೆ

Synonyms: refusal, rejection, repudiation, withholding, negation

Antonyms: acceptance, approval, acknowledgement, admission, granting

Usage in Sentence: Women who spoke up faced denial of work opportunities in the industry.

50. Unravelled

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Began to fail or fall apart; became undone

Tamil Meaning: சிதைந்தது

Malayalam Meaning: തകർന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಕುಸಿಯಿತು

Synonyms: collapsed, disintegrated, fell apart, deteriorated, crumbled

Antonyms: strengthened, solidified, united, assembled, consolidated

Usage in Sentence: The Association of Malayalam Movie Artistes unravelled under public scrutiny.

51. Scrutiny

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Critical observation or examination; close inspection

Tamil Meaning: ஆய்வு

Malayalam Meaning: സൂക്ഷ്മപരിശോധന

Kannada Meaning: ಪರಿಶೀಲನೆ

Synonyms: examination, inspection, investigation, analysis, review

Antonyms: neglect, oversight, disregard, ignorance, inattention

Usage in Sentence: AMMA collapsed under intense public scrutiny following the incident.

52. Resolute

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Admirably purposeful, determined and unwavering

Tamil Meaning: உறுதியான

Malayalam Meaning: ദൃഢനിശ്ചയമുള്ള

Kannada Meaning: ದೃಢನಿಶ್ಚಯದ

Synonyms: determined, steadfast, unwavering, firm, persistent

Antonyms: irresolute, hesitant, wavering, uncertain, weak

Usage in Sentence: A group of resolute women formed the Women in Cinema Collective.

53. Equitable

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Fair and impartial; characterised by equality

Tamil Meaning: நியாயமான

Malayalam Meaning: നീതിപൂർവ്വമായ

Kannada Meaning: ನ್ಯಾಯಸಮ್ಮತ

Synonyms: fair, just, impartial, unbiased, reasonable

Antonyms: unfair, unjust, biased, inequitable, discriminatory

Usage in Sentence: The collective demanded a safer and more equitable workplace for women.

54. Endured

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Suffered something painful or difficult patiently

Tamil Meaning: தாங்கியது

Malayalam Meaning: സഹിച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ಸಹಿಸಿದರು

Synonyms: suffered, tolerated, withstood, bore, persevered through

Antonyms: surrendered, succumbed, gave up, collapsed, yielded

Usage in Sentence: Women activists endured professional boycotts and cyber-bullying.

55. Catalysed

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Caused or accelerated a process or change

Tamil Meaning: தூண்டியது

Malayalam Meaning: ഉത്തേജിപ്പിച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ವೇಗವರ್ಧನೆ ಮಾಡಿತು

Synonyms: sparked, triggered, stimulated, prompted, accelerated

Antonyms: hindered, impeded, prevented, delayed, obstructed

Usage in Sentence: The committee's report catalysed significant reforms in the industry.

56. Alleging

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Claiming or asserting something without proof

Tamil Meaning: குற்றம்சாட்டுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ആരോപിക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಆರೋಪಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: claiming, asserting, accusing, charging, contending

Antonyms: proving, demonstrating, confirming, verifying, substantiating

Usage in Sentence: The survivor sought a change of judge alleging bias during the trial.

57. Bias

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Prejudice in favour of or against something; partiality

Tamil Meaning: பக்கச்சார்பு / ஒருதலைப்பட்சமாக

Malayalam Meaning: പക്ഷപാതം

Kannada Meaning: ಪಕ್ಷಪಾತ

Synonyms: prejudice, partiality, favouritism, discrimination, unfairness

Antonyms: impartiality, fairness, objectivity, neutrality, equality

Usage in Sentence: The survivor alleged judicial bias during the in-camera proceedings.

58. Prosecution

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The conducting of legal proceedings against someone; the party instituting criminal charges

Tamil Meaning: வழக்கு தொடரும் கட்சியினர் / வழக்கு தொடர்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രോസിക്യൂഷൻ

Kannada Meaning: ಕಾನೂನು ಕ್ರಮ

Synonyms: legal action, litigation, trial, indictment, charges

Antonyms: defence, acquittal, exoneration, vindication, absolution

Usage in Sentence: The prosecution was conducted in-camera to protect the survivor's identity.

59. Tampering

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Interfering with something to cause damage or make unauthorised alterations

Tamil Meaning: சேதப்படுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: കൃത്രിമം കാണിക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಹಾನಿಗೊಳಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: interfering, meddling, altering, manipulating, changing

Antonyms: protecting, preserving, maintaining, safeguarding, securing

Usage in Sentence: Concerns were raised about tampering with crucial video evidence.

60. Unauthorised

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Not having official permission or approval

Tamil Meaning: அனுமதியற்ற

Malayalam Meaning: അനധികൃതമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅನಧಿಕೃತ

Synonyms: illegal, unlawful, unapproved, prohibited, forbidden

Antonyms: authorised, approved, legal, permitted, sanctioned

Usage in Sentence: Evidence suggested unauthorised access to files in judicial custody.

61. Convicted

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Declared guilty of a criminal offence by a court

Tamil Meaning: குற்றவாளி எனத் தீர்ப்பளிக்கப்பட்டது

Malayalam Meaning: കുറ്റക്കാരനാണെന്ന് വിധിച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ದೋಷಿ ಎಂದು ಘೋಷಿಸಲಾಯಿತು

Synonyms: found guilty, sentenced, condemned, judged, declared guilty

Antonyms: acquitted, exonerated, cleared, absolved, vindicated

Usage in Sentence: The court convicted the direct perpetrators of the harassment case.

62. Perpetrators

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: People who carry out harmful, illegal or immoral acts

Tamil Meaning: குற்றவாளிகள்

Malayalam Meaning: കുറ്റവാളികൾ

Kannada Meaning: ಅಪರಾಧಿಗಳು

Synonyms: offenders, culprits, wrongdoers, criminals, assailants

Antonyms: victims, innocents, defenders, protectors, upholders

Usage in Sentence: The perpetrators of the crime received severe sentences.

63. Alleged

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Said, without proof, to have taken place or to have a specified characteristic

Tamil Meaning: கூறப்பட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: ആരോപിക്കപ്പെട്ട

Kannada Meaning: ಆರೋಪಿತ

Synonyms: supposed, claimed, suspected, purported, presumed

Antonyms: proven, confirmed, verified, established, substantiated

Usage in Sentence: The alleged mastermind was acquitted due to insufficient evidence.

64. Liable

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Legally responsible or answerable; likely to experience something unpleasant

Tamil Meaning: பொறுப்பான

Malayalam Meaning: ബാധ്യസ്ഥനായ

Kannada Meaning: ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯುತ

Synonyms: responsible, accountable, answerable, culpable, subject

Antonyms: exempt, immune, unaccountable, free, released

Usage in Sentence: The court failed to hold the mastermind liable for the conspiracy.

65. Rampant

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Flourishing or spreading unchecked; unrestrained

Tamil Meaning: கட்டுப்பாடற்ற

Malayalam Meaning: വ്യാപകമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅನಿಯಂತ್ರಿತ

Synonyms: widespread, uncontrolled, unchecked, prevalent, epidemic

Antonyms: controlled, restrained, limited, rare, contained

Usage in Sentence: The judge faced rampant criticism for the controversial verdict.

66. Conspirators

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: People who take part in a conspiracy

Tamil Meaning: சதிகாரர்கள்

Malayalam Meaning: ഗൂഢാലോചനക്കാർ

Kannada Meaning: ಪಿತೂರಿಗಾರರು

Synonyms: plotters, schemers, collaborators, colluders, accomplices

Antonyms: innocents, victims, honest people, upholders, defenders

Usage in Sentence: Bringing all conspirators to justice is essential for closure.

67. Reaffirming

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Stating or confirming something again; strengthening or supporting

Tamil Meaning: மீண்டும் உறுதிப்படுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: വീണ്ടും ഉറപ്പിക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಮತ್ತೆ ದೃಢೀಕರಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: confirming, reasserting, reestablishing, reinforcing, restating

Antonyms: denying, contradicting, refuting, disavowing, retracting

Usage in Sentence: Justice for all conspirators is critical to reaffirming public faith in the legal system.

Idiom of the Day: 13 December 2025

Follow Suit

Formal / Neutral

Meaning: To do the same thing as someone else; to imitate or adopt an action, decision or behaviour that has already been set by another.

Explanation of the Idiom:

The idiom ‘follow suit’ originates from the world of card games, particularly those such as bridge or whist, where players are required to play a card of the same suit as the one led.

To follow suit in this literal sense is not optional, it is a rule that maintains order and fairness in the game.

Over time, this phrase migrated from the card table into everyday language, acquiring a broader metaphorical meaning. It came to signify conformity, alignment or imitation, especially in situations where one person’s actions sets a precedent and others choose or feel compelled to mirror it.

Unlike blind mimicry, following suit often carries a sense of strategic alignment: the decision to act similarly because it is prudent, advantageous or socially expected.

In contemporary usage, this idiom is common in discussions of business, politics, diplomacy and social trends.

Example Sentences:

After the market leader reduced prices, several smaller firms quickly followed suit.

When the first state announced stricter environment regulations, others soon followed suit.

Seeing her colleague speak out, he decided to follow suit and voice his concerns as well.

With today’s Editorial Vocabulary Analysis from 13 December 2025, you've learned 60+ powerful English vocabulary words with their meaning, meaning in English, meaning in Tamil, meaning in Kannada, meaning in Malayalam, synonyms, antonyms and example sentences.

Through Veranda RACE’s ‘Idiom of the Day’ series you learned the idiom ‘Follow Suit’ by understanding its meaning, explanation, origin and practical usage.

With example sentences and common use cases, this Idiom of the Day section from Veranda RACE helped you strengthen your vocabulary and use idiomatic expressions effectively in both writing and conversation.

Consistent practice with vocabulary and idiom of the day like these builds every day not just your word bank but also sharpens your comprehension and expression for competitive exams and real-world communication.

Keep reading, keep learning English with Veranda RACE! 💪📖

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