The Daily Editorial Analysis – English Vocabulary Building – 4 December 2025

Learn English Vocabulary – Daily Editorial Analysis – 4 December 2025

This blog post by Veranda RACE helps competitive exam aspirants learn 60+ high-level vocabulary English words with meanings, synonyms, antonyms and usage examples — perfect for Bank Exam, Insurance Exam, Intelligence Bureau, SSC Exam, Railways/RRB Exam, TNTET and UPSC Exam preparation.

This December 2025, Veranda RACE brings a focused learning guide to help competitive exam aspirants strengthen high-level English vocabulary with meanings, synonyms, antonyms and usage examples. This will be ideal for Bank Exams, Insurance Exams, SSC Exams, Railways/RRB Exams, TNTET, UPSC and Intelligence Bureau preparation. With major exams lined up this month such as the IBPS RRB PO Prelims, IBPS RRB Clerk Prelims, IBPS PO Mains and IBPS Clerk Mains, mastering strong vocabulary and comprehension has never been more important for both Prelims and Mains exams.

Reading the Daily Editorial Analysis curated by Veranda RACE every day builds your reading comprehension, critical thinking and vocabulary recall. It sharpens your ability to handle descriptive papers, mains answer writing and tricky prelims passages. Designed for clarity, accuracy and exam relevance, this English vocabulary series helps aspirants stay ahead of the curve. Prepare smarter with contextual learning from trusted sources, only at Veranda RACE.

Daily Editorial Vocabulary Analysis – 4 December 2025

1. Crawl

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To move slowly or at a very slow pace

Tamil Meaning: மெதுவாக நகர்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: സാവധാനം നീങ്ങുക

Kannada Meaning: ನಿಧಾನವಾಗಿ ಚಲಿಸು

Synonyms: creep, inch, drag, plod, slither

Antonyms: rush, speed, race, sprint, hurry

Usage in Sentence: The traffic began to crawl through the flooded streets of the city.

2. Swept over

Part of speech: Phrasal verb

Meaning: To pass or move across an area with force or in large numbers

Tamil Meaning: துடைத்தெறிந்தது

Malayalam Meaning: മുഴുവനായി കടന്നുപോവുക

Kannada Meaning: ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ ಹಾದುಹೋಗು

Synonyms: engulfed, overwhelmed, covered, flooded, inundated

Antonyms: bypassed, avoided, spared, missed, escaped

Usage in Sentence: The cyclone swept over the coastal regions, leaving destruction in its wake.

3. Precipitating

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To cause something to happen suddenly or sooner than expected

Tamil Meaning: திடீரென நிகழச் செய்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: പെട്ടെന്ന് സംഭവിക്കാൻ കാരണമാവുക

Kannada Meaning: ಹಠಾತ್ತನೆ ಸಂಭವಿಸಲು ಕಾರಣವಾಗು

Synonyms: triggering, provoking, hastening, accelerating, instigating

Antonyms: preventing, delaying, hindering, postponing, deterring

Usage in Sentence: The continuous rainfall was precipitating a humanitarian crisis in the affected districts.

4. Disaster

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A sudden event causing great damage, destruction or suffering

Tamil Meaning: பேரழிவு

Malayalam Meaning: ദുരന്തം

Kannada Meaning: ವಿಪತ್ತು

Synonyms: catastrophe, calamity, tragedy, cataclysm, crisis

Antonyms: blessing, fortune, success, triumph, miracle

Usage in Sentence: The administration declared a state of emergency following the natural disaster.

5. Widespread

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Distributed or occurring over a large area or among many people

Tamil Meaning: பரவலான

Malayalam Meaning: വ്യാപകമായ

Kannada Meaning: ವ್ಯಾಪಕವಾದ

Synonyms: extensive, prevalent, pervasive, universal, broad

Antonyms: limited, confined, restricted, localised, narrow

Usage in Sentence: The storm caused widespread damage to infrastructure across the state.

6. Reintensified

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To become intense again after a period of weakening

Tamil Meaning: மீண்டும் தீவிரமடைதல்

Malayalam Meaning: വീണ്ടും തീവ്രമാവുക

Kannada Meaning: ಮತ್ತೆ ತೀವ್ರಗೊಳ್ಳು

Synonyms: strengthened, intensified, revived, renewed, escalated

Antonyms: weakened, diminished, subsided, declined, reduced

Usage in Sentence: The cyclone reintensified after moving back over the warm waters of the Bay of Bengal.

7. Remnant

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A remaining part or trace of something

Tamil Meaning: எஞ்சியது

Malayalam Meaning: ശേഷിപ്പ്

Kannada Meaning: ಉಳಿದ ಭಾಗ

Synonyms: remainder, residue, remains, trace, vestige

Antonyms: whole, entirety, totality, bulk, mass

Usage in Sentence: The remnant of the storm continued to produce heavy rainfall over the coastal areas.

8. Waterlogging

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The saturation of soil or land with water

Tamil Meaning: நீர் தேங்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: വെള്ളക്കെട്ട്

Kannada Meaning: ನೀರು ಸೇರುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: flooding, saturation, inundation, submersion, pooling

Antonyms: drainage, drying, dehydration, evaporation, absorption

Usage in Sentence: The waterlogging on the roads made it impossible for vehicles to move freely.

9. Frustration

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The feeling of being upset or annoyed due to inability to change or achieve something

Tamil Meaning: விரக்தி

Malayalam Meaning: നിരാശ

Kannada Meaning: ಹತಾಶೆ

Synonyms: exasperation, annoyance, disappointment, dissatisfaction, irritation

Antonyms: satisfaction, contentment, fulfilment, pleasure, gratification

Usage in Sentence: Public frustration grew as the authorities failed to address the recurring flood problems.

10. Mounted

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To increase or accumulate gradually

Tamil Meaning: அதிகரித்தது

Malayalam Meaning: വർധിച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಯಿತು

Synonyms: increased, escalated, intensified, grew, accumulated

Antonyms: decreased, declined, diminished, reduced, lessened

Usage in Sentence: Pressure mounted on the administration to implement effective flood management measures.

11. Tricky

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Difficult to deal with or requiring skill and care

Tamil Meaning: சிக்கலான

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രയാസമുള്ള

Kannada Meaning: ಕಷ್ಟಕರವಾದ

Synonyms: difficult, complicated, problematic, challenging, delicate

Antonyms: simple, easy, straightforward, uncomplicated, effortless

Usage in Sentence: The weather pattern proved tricky for meteorologists to forecast accurately.

12. Predict

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To say or estimate that something will happen in the future

Tamil Meaning: முன்னறிவித்தல் / ஆருடம்சொல்லுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രവചിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಮುನ್ಸೂಚಿಸು

Synonyms: forecast, anticipate, foresee, project, prophesy

Antonyms: doubt, question, disbelieve, ignore, overlook

Usage in Sentence: Scientists used advanced models to predict the cyclone's trajectory.

13. Integrated

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Combined or coordinated to form a unified whole

Tamil Meaning: ஒருங்கிணைந்த

Malayalam Meaning: സംയോജിപ്പിച്ച

Kannada Meaning: ಸಂಯೋಜಿತ

Synonyms: unified, combined, coordinated, merged, amalgamated

Antonyms: separated, divided, isolated, disconnected, fragmented

Usage in Sentence: The city requires an integrated approach to manage its stormwater drainage system.

14. Bursts

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Sudden and intense occurrences or episodes

Tamil Meaning: திடீர் வெடிப்புகள் / திடீரென அதிகரித்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: പെട്ടെന്നുള്ള സ്ഫോടനങ്ങൾ

Kannada Meaning: ಹಠಾತ್ ಸ್ಫೋಟಗಳು

Synonyms: outbursts, surges, spells, eruptions, spurts

Antonyms: lulls, pauses, calms, breaks, cessations

Usage in Sentence: The drainage system was designed to handle short bursts of heavy rainfall.

15. Endeavour

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: An attempt to achieve a goal or accomplish something

Tamil Meaning: முயற்சி

Malayalam Meaning: ശ്രമം

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ

Synonyms: attempt, effort, venture, undertaking, enterprise

Antonyms: inaction, idleness, neglect, abandonment, surrender

Usage in Sentence: The administration's endeavour to improve urban infrastructure requires sustained commitment.

16. Paved

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Covered with a hard surface such as concrete or asphalt

Tamil Meaning: நடைபாதையிடப்பட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: നിരത്തിയ

Kannada Meaning: ಸುಗಮಗೊಳಿಸಿದ

Synonyms: surfaced, tarred, asphalted, concreted, covered

Antonyms: unpaved, natural, rough, uneven, unmade

Usage in Sentence: The increasing paved area in the city reduces natural water absorption.

17. Inundate

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To flood or overflow with water

Tamil Meaning: வெள்ளத்தில் மூழ்கடித்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: വെള്ളത്താൽ മൂടുക

Kannada Meaning: ಜಲಪ್ರಳಯಗೊಳಿಸು

Synonyms: floods, submerges, engulfs, swamps, drowns

Antonyms: drains, empties, dries, evacuates, dehydrates

Usage in Sentence: Heavy rainfall often inundates low-lying areas near the river.

18. Exposed

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To reveal or uncover something previously hidden or unknown

Tamil Meaning: வெளிப்படுத்தியது

Malayalam Meaning: തുറന്നുകാട്ടി

Kannada Meaning: ಬಹಿರಂಗಪಡಿಸಿತು

Synonyms: revealed, uncovered, disclosed, unveiled, discovered

Antonyms: concealed, hidden, covered, protected, shielded

Usage in Sentence: The floods exposed serious deficiencies in the city's drainage infrastructure.

19. Encroachment

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The act of gradually intruding on someone's territory or rights

Tamil Meaning: அத்துமீறல்

Malayalam Meaning: കയ്യേറ്റം

Kannada Meaning: ಅತಿಕ್ರಮಣ

Synonyms: intrusion, invasion, trespass, infringement, violation

Antonyms: withdrawal, retreat, respect, compliance, adherence

Usage in Sentence: Illegal encroachment on water bodies has worsened the flooding situation.

20. Shoddy

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Of poor quality or badly done

Tamil Meaning: தரமற்ற

Malayalam Meaning: നിലവാരമില്ലാത്ത

Kannada Meaning: ಕೆಟ್ಟ ಗುಣಮಟ್ಟದ

Synonyms: inferior, substandard, poor, inadequate, deficient

Antonyms: excellent, superior, quality, fine, superb

Usage in Sentence: The shoddy construction work on the drains led to their early failure.

21. Desilting

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of removing silt or sediment from water bodies

Tamil Meaning: வண்டல் நீக்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ചെളി നീക്കം ചെയ്യൽ

Kannada Meaning: ಕೆಸರು ತೆಗೆಯುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: dredging, clearing, cleaning, excavating, removing

Antonyms: silting, accumulation, deposition, buildup, clogging

Usage in Sentence: Regular desilting of rivers is essential to maintain their flood-carrying capacity.

22. Tolerate

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To allow or endure something without interference

Tamil Meaning: பொறுத்துக்கொள்ளுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: സഹിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಸಹಿಸು

Synonyms: endure, bear, accept, withstand, accommodate

Antonyms: reject, refuse, oppose, resist, prohibit

Usage in Sentence: The river's ability to tolerate excess water has been compromised by encroachments.

23. Diminished

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To become or make something smaller or less

Tamil Meaning: குறைக்கப்பட்டது

Malayalam Meaning: കുറഞ്ഞു

Kannada Meaning: ಕಡಿಮೆಯಾಯಿತು

Synonyms: reduced, decreased, lessened, weakened, declined

Antonyms: increased, enhanced, expanded, amplified, strengthened

Usage in Sentence: The flood absorption capacity has diminished due to unplanned urbanisation.

24. Stagnant

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Not flowing or moving; standing still

Tamil Meaning: தேங்கி இருத்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: നീങ്ങാത്ത

Kannada Meaning: ನಿಶ್ಚಲವಾದ

Synonyms: still, motionless, static, standing, immobile

Antonyms: flowing, moving, dynamic, active, circulating

Usage in Sentence: The stagnant water in the streets became a breeding ground for mosquitoes.

25. Lingering

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To remain or stay in a place longer than expected

Tamil Meaning: நீடித்திருத்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: താമസിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ತಡಮಾಡು

Synonyms: remaining, staying, persisting, continuing, hovering

Antonyms: departing, leaving, disappearing, vanishing, fleeing

Usage in Sentence: The storm system kept lingering over the region, causing prolonged rainfall.

26. Cited

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To mention or refer to something as evidence or an example

Tamil Meaning: மேற்கோள் காட்டியது

Malayalam Meaning: ഉദ്ധരിച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಿಸಿತು

Synonyms: quoted, referenced, mentioned, referred, invoked

Antonyms: ignored, overlooked, disregarded, neglected, omitted

Usage in Sentence: The authorities cited budget constraints as the reason for delayed projects.

27. Justifying

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To provide reasons or evidence to show that something is right or reasonable

Tamil Meaning: நியாயப்படுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ന്യായീകരിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಸಮರ್ಥಿಸು

Synonyms: defending, explaining, vindicating, rationalising, validating

Antonyms: condemning, criticising, blaming, attacking, denouncing

Usage in Sentence: The administration has been justifying its infrastructure decisions based on technical reports.

28. Upgrades

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Improvements or enhancements made to something

Tamil Meaning: மேம்படுத்தல்கள்

Malayalam Meaning: നവീകരണങ്ങൾ

Kannada Meaning: ನವೀಕರಣಗಳು

Synonyms: improvements, enhancements, modernisations, renovations, advancements

Antonyms: downgrades, deteriorations, regressions, declines, reductions

Usage in Sentence: The drainage system upgrades have been ongoing for several years.

29. Verifiable

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Able to be checked or demonstrated to be true or accurate

Tamil Meaning: சரிபார்க்கக்கூடிய

Malayalam Meaning: പരിശോധിക്കാവുന്ന

Kannada Meaning: ಪರಿಶೀಲಿಸಬಹುದಾದ

Synonyms: confirmable, provable, checkable, demonstrable, attestable

Antonyms: unverifiable, unconfirmable, dubious, questionable, doubtful

Usage in Sentence: The authorities must provide verifiable data on the implementation progress.

30. Consolidated

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Combined or brought together into a single whole

Tamil Meaning: ஒருங்கிணைக்கப்பட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: ഏകീകൃതമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಏಕೀಕೃತ

Synonyms: unified, merged, combined, integrated, amalgamated

Antonyms: separated, divided, scattered, dispersed, fragmented

Usage in Sentence: A consolidated action plan would help coordinate relief efforts better.

31. Implementation

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of putting a plan or decision into effect

Tamil Meaning: நடைமுறைப்படுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: നടപ്പാക്കൽ

Kannada Meaning: ಅನುಷ್ಠಾನ

Synonyms: execution, application, performance, accomplishment, enactment

Antonyms: abandonment, neglect, disregard, cancellation, termination

Usage in Sentence: The implementation of flood control measures has been slower than anticipated.

32. Enforcement

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The act of compelling observance of or compliance with a law or rule

Tamil Meaning: அமலாக்கம்

Malayalam Meaning: നിർവഹണം

Kannada Meaning: ಜಾರಿಗೊಳಿಸುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: application, execution, administration, imposition, implementation

Antonyms: neglect, disregard, abandonment, violation, breach

Usage in Sentence: Strict enforcement of building regulations is necessary to prevent encroachments.

33. Elude

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To escape from or avoid something, especially in a clever way

Tamil Meaning: தவிர்த்தல் / தப்பிச்செல்லுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഒഴിവാക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ತಪ್ಪಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳು

Synonyms: evade, avoid, escape, dodge, circumvent

Antonyms: confront, face, encounter, meet, embrace

Usage in Sentence: Proper urban planning continues to elude the city despite numerous promises.

34. Underline

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To emphasise or highlight the importance of something

Tamil Meaning: வலியுறுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഊന്നിപ്പറയുക

Kannada Meaning: ಒತ್ತಿ ಹೇಳು

Synonyms: emphasise, stress, highlight, accentuate, underscore

Antonyms: downplay, minimise, understate, ignore, overlook

Usage in Sentence: These recurring floods underline the urgent need for comprehensive reform.

35. Unresolved

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Not settled or solved

Tamil Meaning: தீர்க்கப்படாத

Malayalam Meaning: പരിഹരിക്കപ്പെടാത്ത

Kannada Meaning: ಪರಿಹರಿಸದಿರುವ

Synonyms: unsettled, pending, undecided, outstanding, incomplete

Antonyms: resolved, settled, solved, completed, finished

Usage in Sentence: The issue of drainage capacity remains unresolved despite years of discussion.

36. Spotlighting

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To direct attention to something or someone

Tamil Meaning: கவனத்தை ஈர்த்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: ശ്രദ്ധ കേന്ദ്രീകരിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಗಮನ ಸೆಳೆಯು

Synonyms: highlighting, emphasising, focusing, featuring, showcasing

Antonyms: concealing, hiding, obscuring, ignoring, neglecting

Usage in Sentence: The disaster is spotlighting the inadequacies in urban planning.

37. Hazard

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A danger or risk

Tamil Meaning: ஆபத்து

Malayalam Meaning: അപകടം

Kannada Meaning: ಅಪಾಯ

Synonyms: danger, risk, threat, peril, jeopardy

Antonyms: safety, security, protection, certainty, assurance

Usage in Sentence: Flood hazard maps are essential for effective disaster preparedness.

38. Coordination

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of organising different elements to work together effectively

Tamil Meaning: ஒருங்கிணைப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: ഏകോപനം

Kannada Meaning: ಸಮನ್ವಯ

Synonyms: cooperation, collaboration, organisation, integration, synchronisation

Antonyms: disorganisation, confusion, discord, conflict, chaos

Usage in Sentence: Better coordination between agencies is crucial for flood management.

39. Systematic

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Done according to a fixed plan or system; methodical

Tamil Meaning: முறையான

Malayalam Meaning: വ്യവസ്ഥാപിതമായ

Kannada Meaning: ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥಿತ

Synonyms: methodical, organised, orderly, structured, planned

Antonyms: random, disorganised, haphazard, chaotic, unsystematic

Usage in Sentence: A systematic approach is needed to tackle the problem of disease stigma.

40. Eliminate

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To completely remove or get rid of something

Tamil Meaning: அகற்றுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: നീക്കം ചെയ്യുക

Kannada Meaning: ತೊಡೆದುಹಾಕು

Synonyms: remove, eradicate, abolish, destroy, exterminate

Antonyms: retain, keep, maintain, preserve, establish

Usage in Sentence: Society must work to eliminate discrimination against disease-affected persons.

41. Stigma

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance or quality

Tamil Meaning: களங்கம்

Malayalam Meaning: കളങ്കം

Kannada Meaning: ಕಳಂಕ

Synonyms: shame, disgrace, dishonour, stain, taint

Antonyms: honour, pride, respect, dignity, esteem

Usage in Sentence: The stigma attached to leprosy prevents many patients from seeking treatment.

42. Seeded

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To plant or introduce something that will grow or develop

Tamil Meaning: விதைக்கப்பட்டது

Malayalam Meaning: വിതച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ಬಿತ್ತಲಾಯಿತು

Synonyms: planted, sown, implanted, initiated, established

Antonyms: uprooted, removed, extracted, eliminated, destroyed

Usage in Sentence: Misconceptions about disease transmission are often seeded by ignorance.

43. Misinformation

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: False or inaccurate information, especially when deliberately spread

Tamil Meaning: தவறான தகவல் / போலிச் செய்தி

Malayalam Meaning: തെറ്റായ വിവരം

Kannada Meaning: ತಪ್ಪು ಮಾಹಿತಿ

Synonyms: falsehood, untruth, deception, disinformation, propaganda

Antonyms: truth, accuracy, fact, information, reality

Usage in Sentence: Misinformation about health conditions can lead to harmful discrimination.

44. Discriminatory

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Showing prejudice or unfair treatment based on certain characteristics

Tamil Meaning: பாரபட்சமான

Malayalam Meaning: വിവേചനപരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ತಾರತಮ್ಯದ

Synonyms: prejudiced, biased, unfair, partial, inequitable

Antonyms: fair, impartial, equal, unbiased, equitable

Usage in Sentence: The discriminatory laws against leprosy patients violate fundamental rights.

45. Contending

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To assert or maintain something in the face of opposition

Tamil Meaning: வாதிடுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: വാദിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ವಾದಿಸು

Synonyms: arguing, asserting, claiming, maintaining, alleging

Antonyms: agreeing, conceding, accepting, surrendering, yielding

Usage in Sentence: The petitioners are contending that these provisions violate constitutional rights.

46. Evidence

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Facts or information indicating whether something is true or valid

Tamil Meaning: சான்று

Malayalam Meaning: തെളിവ്

Kannada Meaning: ಸಾಕ್ಷಿ

Synonyms: proof, testimony, documentation, confirmation, verification

Antonyms: refutation, disproof, contradiction, denial, rebuttal

Usage in Sentence: Archaeological evidence shows that leprosy has affected humans for millennia.

47. Predisposition

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A tendency or inclination towards something beforehand

Tamil Meaning: முன்கூட்டியே இருக்கும் போக்கு

Malayalam Meaning: മുൻകൂർ പ്രവണത

Kannada Meaning: ಪೂರ್ವಭಾವನೆ

Synonyms: tendency, inclination, susceptibility, proneness, propensity

Antonyms: immunity, resistance, aversion, disinclination, reluctance

Usage in Sentence: Genetic predisposition plays a role in determining who contracts leprosy.

48. Unsanitary

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Not hygienic or clean; harmful to health

Tamil Meaning: சுகாதாரமற்ற

Malayalam Meaning: അശുദ്ധമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅನಾರೋಗ್ಯಕರ

Synonyms: unhygienic, dirty, unclean, filthy, contaminated

Antonyms: sanitary, hygienic, clean, sterile, healthy

Usage in Sentence: Living in unsanitary conditions increases the risk of infectious diseases.

49. Susceptibility

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The state or quality of being easily affected or influenced

Tamil Meaning: பாதிக்கப்படும் தன்மை

Malayalam Meaning: സംവേദനക്ഷമത

Kannada Meaning: ಒಳಗಾಗುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: vulnerability, sensitivity, proneness, receptiveness, openness

Antonyms: immunity, resistance, invulnerability, protection, insusceptibility

Usage in Sentence: Poor nutrition can increase susceptibility to various infections.

50. Comprehensive

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Including all or nearly all elements or aspects; complete

Tamil Meaning: விரிவான

Malayalam Meaning: സമഗ്രമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಸಮಗ್ರ

Synonyms: complete, thorough, extensive, exhaustive, all-inclusive

Antonyms: incomplete, partial, limited, narrow, selective

Usage in Sentence: The NHRC prepared a comprehensive report on discrimination against leprosy patients.

51. Rehabilitation

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy

Tamil Meaning: மறுவாழ்வு

Malayalam Meaning: പുനരധിവാസം

Kannada Meaning: ಪುನರ್ವಸತಿ

Synonyms: restoration, recovery, reintegration, renewal, recuperation

Antonyms: deterioration, decline, regression, relapse, worsening

Usage in Sentence: Effective rehabilitation programmes help leprosy patients reintegrate into society.

52. Dignity

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The state or quality of being worthy of honour or respect

Tamil Meaning: கண்ணியம்

Malayalam Meaning: മാന്യത

Kannada Meaning: ಘನತೆ

Synonyms: honour, respect, self-respect, pride, nobility

Antonyms: humiliation, shame, disgrace, dishonour, degradation

Usage in Sentence: Every person deserves to live with dignity regardless of their health condition.

53. Plea

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: An earnest or urgent request

Tamil Meaning: வேண்டுகோள்

Malayalam Meaning: അപേക്ഷ

Kannada Meaning: ಮನವಿ

Synonyms: appeal, request, petition, entreaty, supplication

Antonyms: demand, command, order, refusal, rejection

Usage in Sentence: The NHRC made a plea to remove derogatory terminology from legislation.

54. Derogatory

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude

Tamil Meaning: இழிவான

Malayalam Meaning: അപമാനകരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅವಮಾನಕರ

Synonyms: disparaging, insulting, offensive, contemptuous, demeaning

Antonyms: complimentary, respectful, flattering, praising, appreciative

Usage in Sentence: The derogatory terms used in old laws must be replaced with respectful language.

55. Enrolment

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The action of registering or being registered

Tamil Meaning: பதிவு

Malayalam Meaning: എൻറോൾമെന്റ്

Kannada Meaning: ನೋಂದಣಿ

Synonyms: registration, admission, inscription, joining, recruitment

Antonyms: withdrawal, dropout, removal, expulsion, discharge

Usage in Sentence: Iris scans should be promoted for Aadhaar enrolment of leprosy patients.

56. Plethora

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: An excessive amount of something

Tamil Meaning: மிகுதி

Malayalam Meaning: സമൃദ്ധി

Kannada Meaning: ಅತಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚು

Synonyms: abundance, excess, surplus, profusion, overabundance

Antonyms: shortage, scarcity, dearth, lack, deficiency

Usage in Sentence: A plethora of medical advances have made leprosy completely curable.

57. Interventions

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Actions taken to improve a situation, especially medical or social

Tamil Meaning: தலையீடுகள்

Malayalam Meaning: ഇടപെടലുകൾ

Kannada Meaning: ಮಧ್ಯಸ್ಥಿಕೆಗಳು

Synonyms: measures, actions, treatments, therapies, procedures

Antonyms: inaction, neglect, avoidance, withdrawal, abstention

Usage in Sentence: Early medical interventions can prevent long-term complications of leprosy.

58. Antediluvian

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Extremely old-fashioned or out of date

Tamil Meaning: பழைய காலத்தைச் சேர்ந்த

Malayalam Meaning: വളരെ പഴയ കാലത്തെ

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ

Synonyms: antiquated, archaic, obsolete, outdated, prehistoric

Antonyms: modern, contemporary, current, up-to-date, progressive

Usage in Sentence: The antediluvian provisions in these laws belong to a bygone era.

59. Remedial

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Intended to correct or improve something

Tamil Meaning: நிவாரண

Malayalam Meaning: പരിഹാരപരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಪರಿಹಾರಕಾರಿ

Synonyms: corrective, therapeutic, curative, restorative, healing

Antonyms: harmful, damaging, injurious, detrimental, destructive

Usage in Sentence: The administration must take remedial action to address historical injustices.

60. Unfathomable

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Impossible to understand or comprehend

Tamil Meaning: புரிந்துகொள்ள முடியாத

Malayalam Meaning: മനസ്സിലാക്കാൻ കഴിയാത്ത

Kannada Meaning: ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲಾಗದ

Synonyms: incomprehensible, inexplicable, inscrutable, mysterious, impenetrable

Antonyms: understandable, comprehensible, clear, obvious, fathomable

Usage in Sentence: It is unfathomable that discriminatory laws still exist in modern times.

Idiom of the Day: 4 December 2025

Test the Waters

Formal / Neutral

Meaning: To try something cautiously on a small scale before fully committing, often to gauge reactions, risks or potential outcomes.

Explanation of the Idiom:

The idiom ‘test the water’ draws on the simple, physical act of dipping a toe into a lake or a river to check the temperature before diving in. It captures the instinctive human tendency to proceed carefully when facing uncertainty, whether that uncertainty is literal or metaphorical.

This idiom emerged in English usage during the late 19^th and early 20^th centuries, gradually becoming a staple of both formal and informal speech. Its appeal lies in its clarity.

In contemporary contexts, the underlying idea remains consistent: before taking a big leap, one conducts a small, low-risk exploration to understand whether the larger step is wise.

Example Sentences:

Before expanding nationwide, the startup tested the waters by piloting its service in three cities.

She posted a few sample illustrations online to test the waters before launching her graphic novel.

The politician tested the waters with a small policy speech to see how voters might react to a full campaign.

He reached out to his mentor to test the waters about switching careers from his current one.

With today’s Editorial Vocabulary Analysis from 4 December 2025, you've learned 60+ powerful English vocabulary words with their meaning, meaning in English, meaning in Tamil, meaning in Kannada, meaning in Malayalam, synonyms, antonyms and example sentences.

Through Veranda RACE’s ‘Idiom of the Day’ series you learned the idiom ‘testing the waters’ by understanding its meaning, explanation, origin and practical usage.

With example sentences and common use cases, this Idiom of the Day section from Veranda RACE helped you strengthen your vocabulary and use idiomatic expressions effectively in both writing and conversation.

Consistent practice with vocabulary and idiom of the day like these builds every day not just your word bank but also sharpens your comprehension and expression for competitive exams and real-world communication.

Keep reading, keep learning English with Veranda RACE! 💪📖

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