The Daily Editorial Analysis – English Vocabulary Building – 11 November 2025

Learn English Vocabulary – Daily Editorial Analysis – 11 November 2025

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Daily Editorial Vocabulary Analysis – 11 November 2025

1. Historic

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Famous or important in history

Tamil Meaning: வரலாற்று முக்கியத்துவம் வாய்ந்த

Malayalam Meaning: ചരിത്രപ്രധാനമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಐತಿಹಾಸಿಕ

Synonyms: momentous, significant, memorable, landmark, epoch-making

Antonyms: insignificant, unimportant, ordinary, trivial, unremarkable

Usage in Sentence: The historic Paris Agreement marked a turning point in global climate negotiations.

2. Signatory

Part of speech: Noun/Adjective

Meaning: A person or country that has signed an agreement or treaty

Tamil Meaning: கையொப்பமிட்டவர்

Malayalam Meaning: ഒപ്പുവച്ചവർ

Kannada Meaning: ಸಹಿ ಮಾಡಿದವರು

Synonyms: signer, party, subscriber, endorser, ratifier

Antonyms: non-signatory, abstainer, opponent, dissenter

Usage in Sentence: All signatory nations are expected to submit their climate action plans regularly.

3. Committed

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Pledged or bound to a certain course or policy; dedicated

Tamil Meaning: உறுதியான, அர்ப்பணிப்புள்ள

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രതിജ്ഞാബദ്ധമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಬದ್ಧವಾಗಿರುವ

Synonyms: dedicated, devoted, pledged, obligated, bound

Antonyms: uncommitted, indifferent, disloyal, wavering, hesitant

Usage in Sentence: The country remains committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.

4. Ideal

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Most suitable or perfect for a particular purpose or situation

Tamil Meaning: சிறந்த, ஏற்ற

Malayalam Meaning: അനുയോജ്യമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಸೂಕ್ತವಾದ

Synonyms: perfect, optimal, best, suitable, exemplary

Antonyms: imperfect, unsuitable, flawed, inadequate, deficient

Usage in Sentence: This conference would be an ideal opportunity to discuss renewable energy transitions.

5. Ramp up

Part of speech: Phrasal verb

Meaning: To increase or cause to increase in amount, level or intensity

Tamil Meaning: அதிகரித்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: വർദ്ധിപ്പിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಹೆಚ್ಚಿಸು

Synonyms: increase, escalate, boost, intensify, expand

Antonyms: decrease, reduce, scale down, diminish, lower

Usage in Sentence: Countries need to ramp up their climate ambitions to meet the Paris targets.

6. Disarray

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A state of disorganisation or untidiness; confusion

Tamil Meaning: குழப்பம், ஒழுங்கின்மை, சீர்குலைவு

Malayalam Meaning: താറുമാറായ അവസ്ഥ

Kannada Meaning: ಅವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ

Synonyms: disorder, chaos, confusion, disorganisation, turmoil

Antonyms: order, organisation, harmony, arrangement, tidiness

Usage in Sentence: The sudden withdrawal left the climate negotiations in complete disarray.

7. Decisively

Part of speech: Adverb

Meaning: In a manner that settles an issue convincingly or produces a definite result

Tamil Meaning: தீர்மானமாக

Malayalam Meaning: നിർണായകമായി

Kannada Meaning: ನಿರ್ಣಾಯಕವಾಗಿ

Synonyms: conclusively, definitely, resolutely, firmly, determinedly

Antonyms: indecisively, hesitantly, uncertainly, doubtfully, tentatively

Usage in Sentence: The country acted decisively to implement stricter emission standards.

8. Hostile

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Unfriendly; antagonistic; showing opposition or dislike

Tamil Meaning: விரோதமான, எதிர்மறையான

Malayalam Meaning: ശത്രുതാപരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರತಿಕೂಲವಾದ

Synonyms: antagonistic, unfriendly, adverse, opposed, belligerent

Antonyms: friendly, favourable, supportive, welcoming, amicable

Usage in Sentence: The administration's hostile stance towards climate action has alarmed environmental groups.

9. Wielding

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To hold and use a weapon or tool; to have and exercise power or influence

Tamil Meaning: செலுத்துதல், பயன்படுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഉപയോഗിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಬಳಸುವುದು

Synonyms: exercising, using, employing, brandishing, exerting

Antonyms: relinquishing, surrendering, abandoning, yielding, forsaking

Usage in Sentence: Wielding economic pressure, the country attempted to influence climate policy.

10. Tariffs

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Taxes or duties to be paid on particular imports or exports

Tamil Meaning: வரி

Malayalam Meaning: തീരുവ

Kannada Meaning: ಸುಂಕಗಳು

Synonyms: duties, taxes, levies, customs, excise

Antonyms: subsidies, exemptions, rebates, tax breaks

Usage in Sentence: The threatened tariffs on clean energy products could hamper global climate efforts.

11. Brinkmanship

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The practice of pursuing a dangerous policy to the limits of safety before stopping

Tamil Meaning: ஆபத்தான கொள்கை

Malayalam Meaning: അപകടകരമായ നയം

Kannada Meaning: ಅಪಾಯಕಾರಿ ನೀತಿ

Synonyms: daredevilry, risk-taking, adventurism, gamesmanship

Antonyms: caution, prudence, diplomacy, compromise, moderation

Usage in Sentence: Political brinkmanship threatens to derail crucial climate negotiations.

12. Derail

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To obstruct a process by diverting it from its intended course

Tamil Meaning: தடம் புரள செய்தல், தடை செய்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: പാളം തെറ്റിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಹಳಿತಪ್ಪಿಸು

Synonyms: disrupt, obstruct, hinder, thwart, sabotage

Antonyms: facilitate, support, promote, advance, assist

Usage in Sentence: Certain nations are attempting to derail progress on emission reduction targets.

13. Emission

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation

Tamil Meaning: உமிழ்வு / வெளியேற்றம்

Malayalam Meaning: ഉദ്‌വമനം

Kannada Meaning: ಹೊರಸೂಸುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: discharge, release, output, ejection, exhalation

Antonyms: absorption, intake, retention, collection

Usage in Sentence: Carbon emission levels must be drastically reduced to combat climate change.

14. Adaptation

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of change species becomes better suited to its environment

Tamil Meaning: தழுவல், ஏற்புத்திறன்

Malayalam Meaning: പൊരുത്തപ്പെടൽ

Kannada Meaning: ಹೊಂದಾಣಿಕೆ

Synonyms: adjustment, modification, accommodation, acclimatisation, alteration

Antonyms: rigidity, inflexibility, stagnation, resistance

Usage in Sentence: Climate adaptation measures are crucial for vulnerable coastal communities.

15. Scuttling

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To deliberately cause something to fail or be abandoned

Tamil Meaning: முறியடித்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: നശിപ്പിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ವಿಫಲಗೊಳಿಸು

Synonyms: sabotaging, undermining, wrecking, destroying, torpedoing

Antonyms: supporting, promoting, advancing, facilitating, fostering

Usage in Sentence: The country was accused of scuttling international efforts to reduce maritime emissions.

16. Transitioning

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: The process of changing from one state or condition to another

Tamil Meaning: மாற்றம் அடைதல்

Malayalam Meaning: മാറ്റം വരുത്തുക

Kannada Meaning: ಪರಿವರ್ತನೆ

Synonyms: shifting, converting, transforming, changing, progressing

Antonyms: maintaining, continuing, preserving, stagnating

Usage in Sentence: Transitioning to renewable energy sources requires substantial investment and planning.

17. Curbing

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To restrain or keep in check

Tamil Meaning: கட்டுப்படுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: നിയന്ത്രിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ನಿಯಂತ್ರಿಸು

Synonyms: restraining, controlling, limiting, checking, restricting

Antonyms: encouraging, promoting, increasing, expanding, liberating

Usage in Sentence: Curbing greenhouse gas emissions is essential for meeting climate targets.

18. Existential

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Relating to existence; concerned with existence, especially human existence

Tamil Meaning: இருப்புசார்ந்த, அடிப்படை

Malayalam Meaning: അസ്തിത്വപരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅಸ್ತಿತ್ವದ

Synonyms: fundamental, critical, vital, essential, life-threatening

Antonyms: trivial, minor, insignificant, superficial, unimportant

Usage in Sentence: Climate change poses an existential threat to small island nations.

19. Vindication

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Proof that someone or something is right, reasonable or justified

Tamil Meaning: நியாயப்படுத்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: ന്യായീകരണം

Kannada Meaning: ಸಮರ್ಥನೆ

Synonyms: justification, validation, confirmation, exoneration, support

Antonyms: accusation, condemnation, blame, conviction, censure

Usage in Sentence: He claimed the report was a vindication of his controversial climate policy.

20. Isolationist

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Relating to a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups

Tamil Meaning: தனிமைப்படுத்தும்

Malayalam Meaning: ഒറ്റപ്പെടൽ നയം

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರತ್ಯೇಕತಾವಾದಿ

Synonyms: separatist, insular, withdrawn, detached, protectionist

Antonyms: internationalist, interventionist, engaged, cooperative, collaborative

Usage in Sentence: The country's isolationist approach has weakened global climate cooperation.

21. Diminishing

Part of speech: Verb/Adjective

Meaning: Making or becoming less; reducing in size, extent or importance

Tamil Meaning: குறைந்து வரும்

Malayalam Meaning: കുറയുന്ന

Kannada Meaning: ಕಡಿಮೆಯಾಗುತ್ತಿರುವ

Synonyms: decreasing, declining, reducing, lessening, dwindling

Antonyms: increasing, growing, expanding, rising, mounting

Usage in Sentence: The diminishing influence of fossil fuel lobbies is encouraging for climate action.

22. Relevance

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The quality or state of being closely connected or appropriate to what is being done or considered

Tamil Meaning: பொருத்தம், தொடர்பு

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രസക്തി

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಸ್ತುತತೆ

Synonyms: pertinence, applicability, significance, importance, connection

Antonyms: irrelevance, insignificance, inapplicability, unimportance

Usage in Sentence: The relevance of coal-based energy is declining in the face of renewable alternatives.

23. Outpace

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To go or grow faster than someone or something

Tamil Meaning: விஞ்சுதல், முந்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: മറികടക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಮೀರಿಸು

Synonyms: surpass, exceed, overtake, outstrip, outdistance

Antonyms: lag behind, trail, follow, fall behind

Usage in Sentence: Renewable energy investments now outpace those in fossil fuels globally.

24. Destabilising

Part of speech: Verb/Adjective

Meaning: Making something unstable or causing it to become unsteady

Tamil Meaning: ஸ்திரமின்மையை உருவாக்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: അസ്ഥിരമാക്കുന്ന

Kannada Meaning: ಅಸ್ಥಿರಗೊಳಿಸುವ

Synonyms: disrupting, undermining, unsettling, weakening, subverting

Antonyms: stabilising, strengthening, supporting, securing, reinforcing

Usage in Sentence: The withdrawal had a destabilising effect on international climate negotiations.

25. Formidable

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful or capable

Tamil Meaning: வலிமையான, அச்சமூட்டும்

Malayalam Meaning: ശക്തമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಭಯಾನಕ

Synonyms: impressive, powerful, mighty, daunting, intimidating

Antonyms: weak, feeble, insignificant, negligible, unimpressive

Usage in Sentence: Despite challenges, the climate movement remains a formidable force for change.

26. Negotiators

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: People who try to reach an agreement through discussion and compromise

Tamil Meaning: பேச்சுவார்த்தையாளர்கள்

Malayalam Meaning: ചർച്ചക്കാർ

Kannada Meaning: ಮಾತುಕತೆಗಾರರು

Synonyms: mediators, diplomats, arbitrators, intermediaries, representatives

Antonyms: adversaries, opponents, antagonists

Usage in Sentence: Climate negotiators worked through the night to reach a consensus on funding.

27. Deliberative

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Relating to or intended for consideration or discussion

Tamil Meaning: ஆலோசனைக்குரிய

Malayalam Meaning: ആലോചനാപരമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಚರ್ಚೆಯ

Synonyms: consultative, reflective, thoughtful, careful, measured

Antonyms: impulsive, hasty, rash, thoughtless, spontaneous

Usage in Sentence: The deliberative process at COP requires patience and diplomatic skill.

28. Sprint

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A short spell of intense activity; a fast run over a short distance

Tamil Meaning: குறுகிய கால முயற்சி

Malayalam Meaning: ഹ്രസ്വദൂര ഓട്ടം

Kannada Meaning: ಸ್ಪ್ರಿಂಟ್

Synonyms: dash, burst, rush, race, surge

Antonyms: marathon, crawl, plod, trudge

Usage in Sentence: Negotiators face a final sprint to reach agreement before the conference ends.

29. Emphasised

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To give special importance or prominence to something in speaking or writing

Tamil Meaning: வலியுறுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഊന്നിപ്പറയുക

Kannada Meaning: ಒತ್ತಿ ಹೇಳಿದರು

Synonyms: stressed, highlighted, underscored, accentuated, underlined

Antonyms: downplayed, minimised, understated, de-emphasised

Usage in Sentence: The leader emphasised the need for concrete action rather than mere promises.

30. Palpable

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Able to be touched or felt; so intense as to seem almost tangible

Tamil Meaning: உணரக்கூடிய, தெளிவான

Malayalam Meaning: സ്പഷ്ടമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಸ್ಪಷ್ಟವಾದ

Synonyms: tangible, perceptible, evident, obvious, noticeable

Antonyms: imperceptible, intangible, unclear, vague, invisible

Usage in Sentence: There was palpable tension in the room as countries debated climate finance.

31. Optimism

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something

Tamil Meaning: நம்பிக்கை

Malayalam Meaning: ശുഭാപ്തി വിശ്വാസം

Kannada Meaning: ಆಶಾವಾದ

Synonyms: hopefulness, confidence, positivity, expectancy, enthusiasm

Antonyms: pessimism, despair, negativity, hopelessness, cynicism

Usage in Sentence: Despite setbacks, there remains cautious optimism about achieving climate goals.

32. Tenor

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The general character or nature of something; a prevailing direction or tendency

Tamil Meaning: பொதுவான போக்கு

Malayalam Meaning: സ്വരം

Kannada Meaning: ಸ್ವರೂಪ

Synonyms: tone, character, nature, spirit, essence

Antonyms: discord, inconsistency, deviation

Usage in Sentence: The tenor of climate discussions has shifted towards practical implementation.

33. Ironing out

Part of speech: Phrasal verb

Meaning: To resolve or smooth out difficulties or problems

Tamil Meaning: தீர்த்துவைத்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: പരിഹരിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಪರಿಹರಿಸು

Synonyms: resolving, settling, sorting out, rectifying, eliminating

Antonyms: complicating, creating, aggravating, worsening

Usage in Sentence: Countries are working on ironing out technical details of the climate agreement.

34. Renewed

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Having been resumed after an interruption; given fresh life or strength

Tamil Meaning: புதுப்பிக்கப்படுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: പുതുക്കിയ

Kannada Meaning: ನವೀಕರಿಸಿದ

Synonyms: revived, restored, refreshed, revitalised, reinvigorated

Antonyms: diminished, weakened, discontinued, abandoned, lapsed

Usage in Sentence: There is renewed interest in nuclear energy as a clean power source.

35. Multilateral

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Agreed upon or participated in by three or more parties, especially countries

Tamil Meaning: பலதரப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: ബഹുമുഖ

Kannada Meaning: ಬಹುಪಕ್ಷೀಯ

Synonyms: collective, cooperative, joint, collaborative, international

Antonyms: unilateral, bilateral, independent, individual, solitary

Usage in Sentence: The climate crisis requires a strong multilateral response from all nations.

36. Proposed

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To put forward an idea or plan for consideration or discussion

Tamil Meaning: முன்மொழிந்தது

Malayalam Meaning: നിർദേശിച്ചു

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾಪಿಸಿದರು

Synonyms: suggested, recommended, presented, submitted, advanced

Antonyms: opposed, rejected, withdrew, retracted, opposed

Usage in Sentence: Brazil proposed the creation of a climate council to enhance coordination.

37. Verve

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Vigour and spirit or enthusiasm

Tamil Meaning: உற்சாகம், ஆர்வம்

Malayalam Meaning: ഉത്സാഹം

Kannada Meaning: ಉತ್ಸಾಹ

Synonyms: enthusiasm, vitality, energy, vigour, spirit

Antonyms: apathy, lethargy, listlessness, indifference, lifelessness

Usage in Sentence: The new leadership brought fresh verve to climate negotiations.

38. Ineffective

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Not producing any significant or desired effect

Tamil Meaning: பயனற்ற

Malayalam Meaning: ഫലപ്രദമല്ലാത്ത

Kannada Meaning: ನಿಷ್ಪರಿಣಾಮಕಾರಿ

Synonyms: ineffectual, useless, futile, fruitless, unproductive

Antonyms: effective, successful, productive, efficient, useful

Usage in Sentence: Previous climate agreements have been criticised as ineffective in reducing emissions.

39. Recalibration

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of making adjustments to something in order to achieve a desired result

Tamil Meaning: மறுசீரமைப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: പുനഃക്രമീകരണം

Kannada Meaning: ಮರುಹೊಂದಾಣಿಕೆ

Synonyms: adjustment, realignment, modification, readjustment, revision

Antonyms: maintenance, continuation, stagnation, fixation

Usage in Sentence: A recalibration of climate finance commitments is urgently needed.

40. Sans

Part of speech: Preposition

Meaning: Without

Tamil Meaning: இல்லாமல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഇല്ലാതെ

Kannada Meaning: ಇಲ್ಲದೆ

Synonyms: without, lacking, minus, absent, devoid of

Antonyms: with, including, plus, containing

Usage in Sentence: Sans international cooperation, climate goals will remain unachievable.

41. Favourably

Part of speech: Adverb

Meaning: In a way that gives consent or approval; advantageously

Tamil Meaning: சாதகமாக

Malayalam Meaning: അനുകൂലമായി

Kannada Meaning: ಅನುಕೂಲವಾಗಿ

Synonyms: positively, advantageously, beneficially, approvingly, helpfully

Antonyms: unfavourably, adversely, negatively, disadvantageously

Usage in Sentence: Our country must position itself favourably in future climate negotiations.

42. Nebulous

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: In the form of a cloud or haze; hazy; vague, ill-defined or unclear

Tamil Meaning: தெளிவற்ற

Malayalam Meaning: അവ്യക്തമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅಸ್ಪಷ್ಟ

Synonyms: vague, unclear, hazy, ambiguous, indefinite

Antonyms: clear, definite, precise, distinct, obvious

Usage in Sentence: The nebulous future of climate policy requires careful strategic planning.

43. Paramilitary

Part of speech: Adjective/Noun

Meaning: Organised similarly to a military force but not part of the official armed forces

Tamil Meaning: துணை ராணுவப் படை

Malayalam Meaning: അർദ്ധസൈനിക

Kannada Meaning: ಅರೆಸೇನಾ

Synonyms: militia, vigilante, irregular forces, guerrilla

Antonyms: regular army, official military, civilian

Usage in Sentence: The paramilitary forces have been commendable in the recent operations.

44. Pillage

Part of speech: Noun/Verb

Meaning: The act of stealing goods using violence, especially during war

Tamil Meaning: கொள்ளையடித்தல்

Malayalam Meaning: കൊള്ളയടിക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಲೂಟಿ

Synonyms: plunder, looting, robbery, sacking, ransacking

Antonyms: protection, preservation, safeguarding, restoration

Usage in Sentence: The city suffered widespread pillage during the conflict.

45. Grim

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Forbidding or uninviting; depressing or worrying to consider

Tamil Meaning: கடுமையான, மோசமான

Malayalam Meaning: ഭയാനകമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಕಠೋರ

Synonyms: harsh, stern, bleak, forbidding, distressing

Antonyms: pleasant, cheerful, encouraging, bright, hopeful

Usage in Sentence: The humanitarian situation in the region paints a grim picture.

46. Predominantly

Part of speech: Adverb

Meaning: Mainly; for the most part

Tamil Meaning: முக்கியமாக

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രധാനമായും

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಧಾನವಾಗಿ

Synonyms: mainly, primarily, chiefly, principally, mostly

Antonyms: marginally, minimally, partially, slightly, secondarily

Usage in Sentence: The affected region is predominantly agricultural and depends on seasonal rainfall.

47. Militia

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A military force that is raised from the civil population to supplement a regular army

Tamil Meaning: குடிமக்கள் படை

Malayalam Meaning: പൌരസേന

Kannada Meaning: ಮಿಲಿಷಿಯಾ

Synonyms: paramilitary, citizen army, territorial army, reserves, guerrillas

Antonyms: regular army, professional military, peacekeepers

Usage in Sentence: The militia has been operating independently of government control.

48. Brutality

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Savage physical violence; great cruelty

Tamil Meaning: கொடூரம்

Malayalam Meaning: ക്രൂരത

Kannada Meaning: ಕ್ರೂರತೆ

Synonyms: cruelty, savagery, violence, barbarity, inhumanity

Antonyms: kindness, compassion, gentleness, humanity, mercy

Usage in Sentence: The reports documented extensive brutality against civilian populations.

49. Unleashed

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To release from restraint; to cause something powerful to happen suddenly

Tamil Meaning: கட்டவிழ்த்துவிட்டது

Malayalam Meaning: അഴിച്ചുവിട്ടു

Kannada Meaning: ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಾಡಿದರು

Synonyms: released, let loose, set free, triggered, liberated

Antonyms: restrained, contained, controlled, suppressed, checked

Usage in Sentence: The conflict unleashed a humanitarian crisis of unprecedented scale.

50. Atrocities

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Extremely wicked or cruel acts, typically involving physical violence or injury

Tamil Meaning: கொடுமைகள்

Malayalam Meaning: അതിക്രൂരതകൾ

Kannada Meaning: ದುಷ್ಕೃತ್ಯಗಳು

Synonyms: horrors, outrages, abominations, crimes, barbarities

Antonyms: kindnesses, mercies, humanities, charities, benevolences

Usage in Sentence: International investigators are documenting war atrocities for future prosecution.

51. Massacre

Part of speech: Noun/Verb

Meaning: The deliberate and brutal killing of many people

Tamil Meaning: படுகொலை

Malayalam Meaning: കൂട്ടക്കൊല

Kannada Meaning: ಹತ್ಯಾಕಾಂಡ

Synonyms: slaughter, carnage, butchery, mass killing, bloodbath

Antonyms: rescue, protection, preservation, salvation

Usage in Sentence: The massacre at the city centre shocked the international community.

52. Maternity

Part of speech: Adjective/Noun

Meaning: Relating to pregnancy and childbirth

Tamil Meaning: மகப்பேறு

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രസവം

Kannada Meaning: ಹೆರಿಗೆ

Synonyms: pregnancy, childbirth, motherhood, obstetric

Antonyms: paternity, non-maternal

Usage in Sentence: The attack on the maternity ward was condemned as a war crime.

53. Tightening

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Making or becoming tighter; strengthening control or restrictions

Tamil Meaning: இறுக்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: മുറുക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ಬಿಗಿಗೊಳಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: strengthening, securing, reinforcing, constricting, clamping

Antonyms: loosening, relaxing, easing, slackening, releasing

Usage in Sentence: The forces are tightening their grip over strategic territories.

54. Famine-stricken

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Severely affected by extreme scarcity of food

Tamil Meaning: பஞ்சத்தால் பாதிக்கப்பட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: ക്ഷാമബാധിത

Kannada Meaning: ಕ್ಷಾಮಪೀಡಿತ

Synonyms: starving, hunger-stricken, famished, deprived, impoverished

Antonyms: well-fed, prosperous, abundant, nourished

Usage in Sentence: Humanitarian aid is urgently needed for the famine-stricken regions of Darfur.

55. Chilling

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Horrifying or frightening; causing a feeling of fear

Tamil Meaning: பயமுறுத்தும்

Malayalam Meaning: ഭയപ്പെടുത്തുന്ന

Kannada Meaning: ಭಯಾನಕ

Synonyms: frightening, terrifying, alarming, disturbing, horrifying

Antonyms: comforting, reassuring, heartening, encouraging, soothing

Usage in Sentence: The chilling accounts of violence highlight the urgent need for intervention.

56. Impunity

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action

Tamil Meaning: தண்டனையின்மை

Malayalam Meaning: ശിക്ഷയില്ലായ്മ

Kannada Meaning: ದಂಡನೆಯಿಲ್ಲದಿರುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: immunity, exemption, freedom, licence, amnesty

Antonyms: accountability, liability, responsibility, punishment, retribution

Usage in Sentence: War criminals must not be allowed to act with impunity.

57. Supremacist

Part of speech: Noun/Adjective

Meaning: A person who believes that a particular group is superior to all others

Tamil Meaning: மேலாதிக்கவாதி

Malayalam Meaning: ശ്രേഷ്ഠത വാദി

Kannada Meaning: ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠತಾವಾದಿ

Synonyms: extremist, chauvinist, racist, bigot, nationalist

Antonyms: egalitarian, equalitarian, humanitarian, liberal

Usage in Sentence: The supremacist ideology fuelled violence against other communities.

58. Accusations

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Claims that someone has done something illegal or wrong

Tamil Meaning: குற்றச்சாட்டுகள்

Malayalam Meaning: ആരോപണങ്ങൾ

Kannada Meaning: ಆರೋಪಗಳು

Synonyms: charges, allegations, indictments, claims, complaints

Antonyms: exonerations, defences, vindications, acquittals

Usage in Sentence: The group faces serious accusations of crimes against fellow citizens.

59. Ethnic-cleansing

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The mass expulsion or killing of members of an unwanted ethnic or religious group

Tamil Meaning: இனப்படுகொலை

Malayalam Meaning: വംശീയ ഉന്മൂലനം

Kannada Meaning: ಜನಾಂಗೀಯ ಶುದ್ಧೀಕರಣ

Synonyms: genocide, mass deportation, persecution, purge, expulsion

Antonyms: integration, inclusion, diversity, coexistence

Usage in Sentence: The international community condemned the ethnic-cleansing in Africa.

60. Genocide

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group

Tamil Meaning: இனப்படுகொலை

Malayalam Meaning: വംശഹത്യ

Kannada Meaning: ನರಮೇಧ

Synonyms: mass murder, extermination, annihilation, holocaust, massacre

Antonyms: preservation, protection, salvation, rescue

Usage in Sentence: UN experts warn that the violence may constitute genocide.

61. Stronghold

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A place that has been fortified so as to protect it against attack; a place of dominance

Tamil Meaning: கோட்டை, பலமான இடம்

Malayalam Meaning: കോട്ട

Kannada Meaning: ಕೋಟೆ

Synonyms: fortress, citadel, bastion, fort, fortification

Antonyms: vulnerability, weakness, exposure

Usage in Sentence: The army defended its last stronghold in the region.

62. Blockade

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: An act of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving

Tamil Meaning: முற்றுகை / தடை

Malayalam Meaning: ഉപരോധം

Kannada Meaning: ದಿಗ್ಬಂಧನ

Synonyms: siege, embargo, closure, barricade, obstruction

Antonyms: opening, access, passage, entry

Usage in Sentence: The prolonged blockade has created a severe humanitarian crisis.

63. Triggered

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To cause something to happen or begin

Tamil Meaning: தூண்டியது

Malayalam Meaning: ഉണർത്തി

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಚೋದಿಸಿದರು

Synonyms: caused, initiated, sparked, provoked, activated

Antonyms: prevented, stopped, halted, suppressed, inhibited

Usage in Sentence: The siege triggered widespread food shortages across the region.

64. Famine

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Extreme scarcity of food

Tamil Meaning: பஞ்சம்

Malayalam Meaning: ക്ഷാമം

Kannada Meaning: ಕ್ಷಾಮ

Synonyms: starvation, hunger, scarcity, shortage, deprivation

Antonyms: abundance, plenty, surplus, prosperity

Usage in Sentence: The ongoing conflict has pushed millions towards famine.

65. Humanitarian

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Concerned with or seeking to promote human welfare

Tamil Meaning: மனிதாபிமான

Malayalam Meaning: മാനുഷിക

Kannada Meaning: ಮಾನವೀಯ

Synonyms: compassionate, charitable, philanthropic, benevolent, altruistic

Antonyms: inhumane, cruel, selfish, uncaring, callous

Usage in Sentence: International organisations are providing humanitarian assistance to displaced families.

66. Regime

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: a method or system of government

Tamil Meaning: ஆட்சிமுறை

Malayalam Meaning: ഭരണകൂടം

Kannada Meaning: ಆಡಳಿತ

Synonyms: government, administration, rule, authority, leadership

Antonyms: anarchy, disorder, chaos

Usage in Sentence: The authoritarian regime was overthrown after decades of oppression.

67. Dictator

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force

Tamil Meaning: சர்வாதிகாரி

Malayalam Meaning: സ്വേച്ഛാധിപതി

Kannada Meaning: ಸರ್ವಾಧಿಕಾರಿ

Synonyms: autocrat, tyrant, despot, authoritarian, oppressor

Antonyms: democrat, liberator, egalitarian

Usage in Sentence: The dictator ruled the country with an iron fist for thirty years.

68. Cusp

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A point of transition between two different states

Tamil Meaning: முனை, எல்லை

Malayalam Meaning: അതിർത്തി

Kannada Meaning: ಅಂಚು

Synonyms: brink, verge, edge, threshold, border

Antonyms: middle, centre, core

Usage in Sentence: The nation stood on the cusp of democratic transformation.

69. Dawn

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The beginning or first appearance of something; daybreak

Tamil Meaning: விடியல், தொடக்கம்

Malayalam Meaning: പുലർച്ച

Kannada Meaning: ಮುಂಜಾನೆ

Synonyms: beginning, start, birth, emergence, onset

Antonyms: end, conclusion, dusk, twilight, closure

Usage in Sentence: The revolution promised the dawn of a new democratic era.

71. Coup

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A sudden, violent and illegal seizure of power from a government

Tamil Meaning: ஆட்சிக்கவிழ்ப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: അട്ടിമറി

Kannada Meaning: ದಂಗೆ

Synonyms: overthrow, takeover, putsch, rebellion, uprising

Antonyms: installation, establishment, legitimacy

Usage in Sentence: The military coup ended hopes for democratic governance.

72. Neutralise

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To make something ineffective by applying an opposite force or effect

Tamil Meaning: நடுநிலையாக்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: നിർവീര്യമാക്കുക

Kannada Meaning: ತಟಸ್ಥಗೊಳಿಸು

Synonyms: counteract, nullify, cancel, negate, eliminate

Antonyms: activate, strengthen, empower, enable

Usage in Sentence: The administration sought to neutralise opposition voices through intimidation.

73. Consolidated

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To make something physically stronger or more solid; to combine into a single unit

Tamil Meaning: வலுப்படுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ശക്തിപ്പെടുത്തി

Kannada Meaning: ಬಲಪಡಿಸಿದರು

Synonyms: strengthened, reinforced, unified, merged, solidified

Antonyms: weakened, divided, separated, fragmented, dispersed

Usage in Sentence: The military consolidated its control over key institutions.

74. Alliance

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A union or association formed for mutual benefit between countries or organisations

Tamil Meaning: கூட்டணி

Malayalam Meaning: സഖ്യം

Kannada Meaning: ಮೈತ್ರಿ

Synonyms: coalition, partnership, union, confederation, league

Antonyms: division, separation, discord, opposition, rivalry

Usage in Sentence: The fragile alliance between the military factions collapsed into civil war.

75. Plunging

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: To jump or dive quickly and energetically; to push or thrust quickly

Tamil Meaning: மூழ்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: താഴ്ത്തുക

Kannada Meaning: ಮುಳುಗಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: throwing, thrusting, diving, dropping, casting

Antonyms: raising, lifting, elevating, withdrawing

Usage in Sentence: The breakdown in negotiations is plunging the region into chaos.

76. Entrenched

Part of speech: Adjective/Verb

Meaning: Firmly established and difficult or unlikely to change

Tamil Meaning: வேரூன்றிய

Malayalam Meaning: ഉറപ്പിച്ച

Kannada Meaning: ಬೇರೂರಿದ

Synonyms: established, ingrained, fixed, embedded, deep-rooted

Antonyms: temporary, superficial, removable, flexible, changeable

Usage in Sentence: The army remains firmly entrenched in its territorial base.

Idiom of the Day: 11 November 2025

No Stranger To

Formal / Neutral

Meaning: To have experience or familiarity with something, often because one has faced it many times before.

Explanation of the Idiom:

The idiom ‘no stranger to’ is used to describe someone who is well-acquainted with a situation, emotion or experience usually through repeated exposure or direct involvement.

This idiom combines the literal meaning of stranger, someone unfamiliar with the negation ‘no’, to express the opposite idea: being familiar or experienced rather than new or naïve.

It is commonly used to highlight resilience, competence or awareness, especially when someone has dealt with challenges, success or specific environments before. In formal writing or journalism, it often conveys respect for experience or empathy for hardship.

For example, when we say “She’s no stranger to hard work”, it means she has faced demanding tasks before and knows how to handle them. The idiom fits naturally in contexts like sports, business, leadership or personal growth.

Example Sentences:

The nurse at the hospital is no stranger to long hours and stressful situations.

As a seasoned teacher, he’s no stranger to handling difficult situations.

The town near the river is no stranger to floods, having faced them almost every year.

She’s no stranger to failure, but each setback has made her stronger and powerful.

With today’s Editorial Vocabulary Analysis from 11 November 2025, you've learned 70+ powerful English vocabulary words with their meaning, meaning in English, meaning in Tamil, meaning in Kannada, meaning in Malayalam, synonyms, antonyms and example sentences.

Through Veranda RACE’s ‘Idiom of the Day’ series you learned the idiom ‘no stranger to’ by understanding its meaning, explanation, origin and practical usage.

With example sentences and common use cases, this Idiom of the Day section from Veranda RACE helped you strengthen your vocabulary and use idiomatic expressions effectively in both writing and conversation.

Consistent practice with vocabulary and idiom of the day like these builds every day not just your word bank but also sharpens your comprehension and expression for competitive exams and real-world communication.

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