The Daily Editorial Analysis – English Vocabulary Building – 8 July 2025

Learn English Vocabulary – Editorials – 8 July 2025

This blog post by Veranda RACE helps competitive exam aspirants learn 50+ high-level vocabulary English words with meanings, synonyms, antonyms and usage examples — perfect for Bank Exam, Insurance Exam, SSC Exam, Railways/RRB Exam and UPSC Exam preparation.

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Daily Editorial Vocabulary

1. Zoonotic

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Relating to or denoting a disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans

Tamil Meaning: விலங்குகளிலிருந்து மனிதர்களுக்கு பரவும் நோய் தொடர்பான

Malayalam Meaning: മൃഗങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന് മനുഷ്യരിലേക്ക് പകരുന്ന രോഗം സംബന്ധിച്ച

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಾಣಿಗಳಿಂದ ಮಾನವರಿಗೆ ಹರಡುವ ರೋಗ ಸಂಬಂಧಿ

Synonyms: Animal-borne, cross-species, transmissible

Antonyms: Human-specific, non-transmissible

Example Sentence: The zoonotic nature of Nipah virus makes it essential to monitor animal populations for early warning signs.

2. Spillover

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The transmission of a pathogen from one species to another, particularly from animals to humans

Tamil Meaning: ஒரு இனத்திலிருந்து மற்றொரு இனத்திற்கு நோய்க்கிருமி பரவுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഒരു ജീവിവർഗത്തിൽ നിന്ന് മറ്റൊന്നിലേക്ക് രോഗാണു പകരുന്ന പ്രക്രിയ

Kannada Meaning: ಒಂದು ಪ್ರಾಣಿಯಿಂದ ಮತ್ತೊಂದಕ್ಕೆ ರೋಗಾಣು ಹರಡುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: Transmission, cross-infection, jumping

Antonyms: Containment, isolation

Example Sentence: Climate change increases the risk of spillover events as animals and humans interact more frequently.

3. Fatality

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A death resulting from an accident or disease

Tamil Meaning: மரணம், இறப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: മരണം, മരണനിരക്ക്

Kannada Meaning: ಮರಣ, ಸಾವು

Synonyms: Death, mortality, casualty

Antonyms: Survival, recovery

Example Sentence: The single fatality from Nipah virus in Kerala has prompted immediate health surveillance measures.

4. Infectious

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Capable of being transmitted from one person to another through infection

Tamil Meaning: தொற்று நோய் தொடர்பான

Malayalam Meaning: പകർച്ചവ്യാധി സംബന്ധിച്ച

Kannada Meaning: ಸಂಕ್ರಾಮಕ ರೋಗ ಸಂಬಂಧಿ

Synonyms: Contagious, communicable, transmissible

Antonyms: Non-infectious, sterile

Example Sentence: Nipah is a highly infectious disease that requires immediate isolation of affected patients.

5. Havoc

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Widespread destruction or chaos

Tamil Meaning: பேரழிவு, குழப்பம்

Malayalam Meaning: വിനാശം, നാശം

Kannada Meaning: ವಿನಾಶ, ನಾಶ

Synonyms: Destruction, chaos, devastation

Antonyms: Order, peace, stability

Example Sentence: The havoc caused by previous Nipah outbreaks emphasises the need for preventive measures.

6. Trail

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A mark or series of signs left by something that has passed

Tamil Meaning: தடம், பாதை

Malayalam Meaning: വഴി, പാത

Kannada Meaning: ಹಾದಿ, ಮಾರ್ಗ

Synonyms: Path, track

Antonyms: Beginning, origin

Example Sentence: The disease left a trail of devastation across several districts in Kerala.

7. Adolescent

Part of speech: Noun/Adjective

Meaning: A young person in the process of developing from a child into an adult

Tamil Meaning: இளைஞன், பதின்பருவத்தினர்

Malayalam Meaning: കൗമാരക്കാരൻ, യുവാവ്

Kannada Meaning: ಹದಿಹರೆಯದವರು, ಯುವಕ

Synonyms: Teenager, youth, juvenile

Antonyms: Adult, child, elderly

Example Sentence: The adolescent girl from Malappuram was the first confirmed case in this outbreak.

8. Succumbed

Part of speech: Verb (past tense)

Meaning: To die from a disease or injury

Tamil Meaning: இறந்தார், மரணமடைந்தார்

Malayalam Meaning: മരിച്ചു, കീഴടങ്ങി

Kannada Meaning: ಸತ್ತರು, ಮರಣ ಹೊಂದಿದರು

Synonyms: Died, perished, expired

Antonyms: Survived, recovered, overcame

Example Sentence: The young patient succumbed to the virus despite receiving intensive medical care.

9. Battling

Part of speech: Verb (present participle)

Meaning: Fighting or struggling against something difficult

Tamil Meaning: போராடுதல், சண்டையிடுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: പോരാടുന്നു, യുദ്ധം ചെയ്യുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಹೋರಾಟ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾರೆ, ಹೋರಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾರೆ

Synonyms: Fighting, struggling, combating

Antonyms: Surrendering, yielding, accepting

Example Sentence: The 38-year-old woman is battling for her life in the intensive care unit.

10. Surveillance

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: Close observation or monitoring of someone or something

Tamil Meaning: கண்காணிப்பு, மேற்பார்வை

Malayalam Meaning: നിരീക്ഷണം, കാവൽ

Kannada Meaning: ಮೇಲ್ವಿಚಾರಣೆ, ಗಮನಿಸುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: Monitoring, observation, watch

Antonyms: Neglect, ignorance, abandonment

Example Sentence: Health authorities have placed 425 people under surveillance to prevent further spread.

11. Engaged

Part of speech: Verb (past participle)

Meaning: Involved in or committed to an activity

Tamil Meaning: ஈடுபட்டுள்ள, ஈடுபாடு கொண்ட

Malayalam Meaning: ഏർപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്നു, ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ತೊಡಗಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿರುವ, ಬದ್ಧವಾಗಿರುವ

Synonyms: Involved, occupied, committed

Antonyms: Disengaged, uninvolved, idle

Example Sentence: The health machinery in Kerala is engaged in comprehensive contact tracing activities.

12. Tracing

Part of speech: Verb (present participle)

Meaning: Finding or discovering by investigation

Tamil Meaning: கண்டுபிடித்தல், தேடுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: കണ്ടുപിടിക്കുന്നു, അന്വേഷിക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಕಂಡುಹಿಡಿಯುವಿಕೆ, ಹುಡುಕುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: Tracking, following, investigating

Antonyms: Losing, abandoning, ignoring

Example Sentence: Health workers are tracing all contacts to prevent community transmission.

13. Outbreaks

Part of speech: Noun (plural)

Meaning: Sudden occurrences or eruptions of disease

Tamil Meaning: நோய் பரவல்

Malayalam Meaning: രോഗവ്യാപനം, പൊട്ടിത്തെറി

Kannada Meaning: ರೋಗ ಹರಡುವಿಕೆ, ಏಕಾಏಕಿ ಹರಡುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: Epidemics, eruptions

Antonyms: Containment, control, suppression

Example Sentence: India has recorded several outbreaks of Nipah virus since 2001.

14. Surged

Part of speech: Verb (past tense)

Meaning: Increased suddenly and powerfully

Tamil Meaning: அதிகரித்தது, உயர்ந்தது

Malayalam Meaning: വർധിച്ചു, കുതിച്ചുയർന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಯಿತು, ಏರಿಕೆಯಾಯಿತು

Synonyms: Rose, increased, escalated

Antonyms: Declined, decreased, subsided

Example Sentence: In 2018, Nipah cases surged in Kerala, resulting in high mortality rates.

15. Renders

Part of speech: Verb (present tense)

Meaning: Makes or causes to become

Tamil Meaning: ஆக்குகிறது, செய்கிறது

Malayalam Meaning: ആക്കുന്നു, ചെയ്യുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಮಾಡುತ್ತದೆ, ಆಗಿಸುತ್ತದೆ

Synonyms: Makes, causes, produces

Antonyms: Prevents, stops, blocks

Example Sentence: The high mortality rate renders even a single case of Nipah extremely concerning.

16. Tizzy

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A state of nervous excitement or agitation

Tamil Meaning: பதற்றம், கலக்கம்

Malayalam Meaning: പരിഭ്രാന്തി, അസ്വസ്ഥത

Kannada Meaning: ಗಲಿಬಿಲಿ, ಆತಂಕ

Synonyms: Panic, fluster, agitation

Antonyms: Calm, composure, tranquillity

Example Sentence: A single case of Nipah can put the entire healthcare system in a tizzy.

17. Transmissible

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Capable of being transmitted or passed from one to another

Tamil Meaning: பரவக்கூடிய, கடத்தக்கூடிய

Malayalam Meaning: പകരാവുന്ന, പകർത്താവുന്ന

Kannada Meaning: ಹರಡಬಹುದಾದ, ಪ್ರಸರಿಸಬಹುದಾದ

Synonyms: Contagious, infectious, communicable

Antonyms: Non-transmissible, contained, isolated

Example Sentence: Nipah is a highly transmissible viral infection requiring strict isolation measures.

18. Mortality

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The number of deaths in a given time or place

Tamil Meaning: மரண விகிதம், இறப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: മരണനിരക്ക്, മരണം

Kannada Meaning: ಮರಣ ಪ್ರಮಾಣ, ಸಾವಿನ ಪ್ರಮಾಣ

Synonyms: Death rate, fatality rate, lethality

Antonyms: Survival, recovery, life

Example Sentence: The mortality rate of Nipah virus ranges between 40% and 75%.

19. Implies

Part of speech: Verb (present tense)

Meaning: Suggests or indicates indirectly

Tamil Meaning: குறிக்கிறது, உணர்த்துகிறது

Malayalam Meaning: സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്നു, അർത്ഥമാക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಸೂಚಿಸುತ್ತದೆ, ಅರ್ಥೈಸುತ್ತದೆ

Synonyms: Suggests, indicates, means

Antonyms: States, declares, specifies

Example Sentence: The high mortality rate implies that immediate action is crucial to prevent spread.

20. Armamentarium

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The complete equipment available for a particular purpose

Tamil Meaning: மொத்த உபகரணங்கள், ஆயுத சேகரிப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: സമ്പൂർണ്ണ ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ, ആയുധസമാഹാരം

Kannada Meaning: ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಉಪಕರಣಗಳು, ಆಯುಧ ಸಂಗ್ರಹ

Synonyms: Arsenal, toolkit, resources

Antonyms: Shortage, lack, deficiency

Example Sentence: Future research might add effective tools to the medical armamentarium against Nipah.

21. Vested

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Secured or established, especially by legal right

Tamil Meaning: நிலையாக உள்ள, உறுதியான

Malayalam Meaning: സ്ഥാപിതമായ, ഉറപ്പായ

Kannada Meaning: ಸ್ಥಾಪಿತವಾದ, ಖಚಿತವಾದ

Synonyms: Established, secured, fixed

Antonyms: Uncertain, temporary, unstable

Example Sentence: Currently, the course of action is vested only in prevention and awareness.

22. Reservoirs

Part of speech: Noun (plural)

Meaning: Natural hosts that harbour pathogens

Tamil Meaning: நோய்க்கிருமி சேமிப்பு இடம்

Malayalam Meaning: രോഗാണുക്കൾ സൂക്ഷിക്കുന്ന സ്ഥലം, ജലാശയം

Kannada Meaning: ರೋಗಾಣು ಸಂಗ್ರಹ ಸ್ಥಳ

Synonyms: Hosts, storage, sources

Antonyms: Recipients, targets, destinations

Example Sentence: Fruit bats are the natural reservoirs of the Nipah virus.

23. Suspected

Part of speech: Verb (past participle)

Meaning: Believed to be likely or probable

Tamil Meaning: சந்தேகிக்கப்படுகிறது, நம்பப்படுகிறது

Malayalam Meaning: സംശയിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു, കരുതപ്പെടുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಅನುಮಾನಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ, ಭಾವಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ

Synonyms: Believed, presumed, assumed

Antonyms: Confirmed, proven, established

Example Sentence: It is suspected that consuming contaminated fruits may spread the virus.

24. Contaminated

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Made impure by exposure to poisonous or polluting substances

Tamil Meaning: மாசுபட்ட, தொற்றுள்ள

Malayalam Meaning: മലിനമായ, കലുഷിതമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಕಲುಷಿತ, ಕೊಳಕಾದ

Synonyms: Polluted, tainted, infected

Antonyms: Clean, pure, sterile

Example Sentence: People should avoid consuming contaminated fruits that may have been bitten by bats.

25. Anthropogenic

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Originating from human activity

Tamil Meaning: மனித நடவடிக்கையால் ஏற்பட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: മനുഷ്യന്റെ പ്രവർത്തനംമൂലം ഉണ്ടാകുന്ന

Kannada Meaning: ಮಾನವ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ

Synonyms: Human-caused, man-made, artificial

Antonyms: Natural, organic, pristine

Example Sentence: Anthropogenic activities are destroying natural habitats and increasing disease transmission risks.

26. Robust

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Strong and healthy; vigorous

Tamil Meaning: வலுவான, உறுதியான

Malayalam Meaning: ശക്തമായ, ദൃഢമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಬಲವಾದ, ದೃಢವಾದ

Synonyms: Strong, sturdy, resilient

Antonyms: Weak, fragile, flimsy

Example Sentence: A robust One Health programme is essential to prevent zoonotic diseases.

27. Pathogens

Part of speech: Noun (plural)

Meaning: Microorganisms that cause disease

Tamil Meaning: நோய்க்கிருமிகள், நோய் உண்டாக்கும் கிருமிகள்

Malayalam Meaning: രോഗാണുക്കൾ, രോഗം ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്ന കീടാണുക്കൾ

Kannada Meaning: ರೋಗಾಣುಗಳು, ರೋಗ ಉಂಟುಮಾಡುವ ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮಜೀವಿಗಳು

Synonyms: Germs, microbes, disease-causing agents

Antonyms: Beneficial microbes, probiotics, healthy bacteria

Example Sentence: The One Health programme should monitor various pathogens capable of zoonotic transmission.

28. Transitioning

Part of speech: Verb (present participle)

Meaning: Moving from one state or condition to another

Tamil Meaning: மாறுதல், இடமாற்றம்

Malayalam Meaning: മാറ്റം, പരിവർത്തനം

Kannada Meaning: ಬದಲಾವಣೆ, ರೂಪಾಂತರ

Synonyms: Moving, shifting, changing

Antonyms: Staying, remaining, maintaining

Example Sentence: Viruses transitioning from animals to humans pose significant public health risks.

29. Conflicting

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Contradictory or incompatible

Tamil Meaning: முரண்பட்ட, மாறுபட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: വിരുദ്ധമായ, പൊരുത്തമില്ലാത്ത

Kannada Meaning: ವಿರುದ್ಧವಾದ, ಭಿನ್ನವಾದ

Synonyms: Contradictory, opposing, incompatible

Antonyms: Consistent, compatible, harmonious

Example Sentence: The ECI's conflicting signals create confusion about voter registration requirements.

30. Endanger

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Put someone or something at risk of harm

Tamil Meaning: ஆபத்தில் ஆழ்த்துதல், கெடுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: അപകടത്തിലാക്കുന്നു, ദോഷകരമാക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಅಪಾಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಸಿಲುಕಿಸುವುದು, ಹಾನಿಗೊಳಗಾಗಿಸುವುದು

Synonyms: Threaten, jeopardise, risk

Antonyms: Protect, safeguard, secure

Example Sentence: Conflicting instructions endanger the smooth conduct of voter registration.

31. Touted

Part of speech: Verb (past participle)

Meaning: Praised or promoted enthusiastically

Tamil Meaning: பாராட்டப்பட்ட, விளம்பரப்படுத்தப்பட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രശംസിക്കപ്പെട്ട, പ്രചരിപ്പിക്കപ്പെട്ട

Kannada Meaning: ಹೊಗಳಿಸಲಾದ, ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಾಡಲಾದ

Synonyms: Praised, promoted, advertised

Antonyms: Criticised, condemned, discouraged

Example Sentence: The electoral revision process was touted as smooth despite underlying problems.

32. Riddled

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Full of holes or defects

Tamil Meaning: நிறைந்த, பொருத்தமற்ற

Malayalam Meaning: നിറഞ്ഞ, നിന്ദിതമായ

Kannada Meaning: ತುಂಬಿರುವ, ದೋಷಪೂರ್ಣ

Synonyms: Full of, plagued by, pervaded with

Antonyms: Free from, clear of, devoid of

Example Sentence: The registration process is riddled with contradictions and procedural flaws.

33. Contradictions

Part of speech: Noun (plural)

Meaning: Statements or situations that are opposite or inconsistent

Tamil Meaning: முரண்பாடுகள், எதிர்மறைகள்

Malayalam Meaning: വൈരുദ്ധ്യങ്ങൾ, പൊരുത്തക്കേടുകൾ

Kannada Meaning: ವಿರೋಧಾಭಾಸಗಳು, ವಿರುದ್ಧತೆಗಳು

Synonyms: Inconsistencies, conflicts, paradoxes

Antonyms: Agreements, consistencies, harmonies

Example Sentence: The contradictions in ECI's statements create confusion among voters.

34. Enfranchisement

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The right to vote in political elections

Tamil Meaning: வாக்குரிமை, தேர்தல் உரிமை

Malayalam Meaning: വോട്ടവകാശം, തെരഞ്ഞെടുപ്പവകാശം

Kannada Meaning: ಮತದಾನ ಹಕ್ಕು, ಚುನಾವಣಾ ಅಧಿಕಾರ

Synonyms: Voting rights, suffrage, franchise

Antonyms: Disenfranchisement, disqualification, exclusion

Example Sentence: The flawed process poses a serious threat to voter enfranchisement in Bihar.

35. Electorate

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: All the people entitled to vote in an election

Tamil Meaning: வாக்காளர்கள், தேர்தல் மக்கள்

Malayalam Meaning: വോട്ടർമാർ, തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കുന്നവർ

Kannada Meaning: ಮತದಾರರು, ಚುನಾವಣಾ ಜನರು

Synonyms: Voters, constituency, voting population

Antonyms: Non-voters, ineligible persons, excluded population

Example Sentence: Over 11% of the estimated electorate submitted their registration forms.

36. Deep-seated

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Firmly established and difficult to change

Tamil Meaning: ஆழமான, வேரூன்றிய

Malayalam Meaning: ആഴത്തിൽ വേരൂന്നിയ, ദൃഢമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಆಳವಾಗಿ ಬೇರೂರಿರುವ, ಸ್ಥಿರವಾದ

Synonyms: Entrenched, ingrained, rooted

Antonyms: Superficial, temporary, changeable

Example Sentence: The conflicting statements highlight deep-seated issues in the registration process.

37. Lenient

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Permissive or tolerant, especially in punishment

Tamil Meaning: மென்மையான, தளர்வான

Malayalam Meaning: ഇളവുള്ള, സൗമ്യമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಸೌಮ್ಯ, ಮೃದುವಾದ

Synonyms: Merciful, tolerant, forgiving

Antonyms: Strict, harsh, severe

Example Sentence: The CEO initially suggested a lenient approach towards document requirements.

38. Stipulated

Part of speech: Verb (past participle)

Meaning: Demanded or specified as a condition

Tamil Meaning: நிர்ணயிக்கப்பட்ட, குறிப்பிடப்பட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: നിശ്ചയിച്ച, വ്യവസ്ഥ ചെയ്ത

Kannada Meaning: ನಿಗದಿಪಡಿಸಲಾದ, ಷರತ್ತು ವಿಧಿಸಲಾದ

Synonyms: Specified, required, mandated

Antonyms: Optional, suggested, flexible

Example Sentence: Electors without the stipulated 11 documents faced registration difficulties.

39. Enumeration

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The process of counting or listing

Tamil Meaning: கணக்கெடுப்பு, பட்டியலிடுதல்

Malayalam Meaning: എണ്ണം, പട്ടികപ്പെടുത്തൽ

Kannada Meaning: ಎಣಿಕೆ, ಪಟ್ಟಿಮಾಡುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: Counting, listing, cataloguing

Antonyms: Exclusion, omission, oversight

Example Sentence: Citizens could submit enumeration forms to booth-level officers.

40. Inherent

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Existing as a basic or permanent part of something

Tamil Meaning: உள்ளார்ந்த, இயல்பான

Malayalam Meaning: അന്തർലീനമായ, സ്വാഭാവികമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅಂತರ್ಗತ, ಸ್ವಾಭಾವಿಕ

Synonyms: Intrinsic, natural, built-in

Antonyms: External, acquired, artificial

Example Sentence: Local verification presents inherent problems of bias and misuse.

41. Discretion

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The freedom to decide what should be done

Tamil Meaning: விவேகம், தீர்ப்பு சக்தி

Malayalam Meaning: വിവേകം, തീരുമാനശേഷി

Kannada Meaning: ವಿವೇಕ, ತೀರ್ಮಾನ ಶಕ್ತಿ

Synonyms: Judgement, choice, freedom

Antonyms: Restriction, compulsion, obligation

Example Sentence: Leaving verification to the discretion of local officers increases bias risks.

42. Ad-hoc

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Created or done for a particular purpose as necessary

Tamil Meaning: தற்காலிக, உடனடி

Malayalam Meaning: താൽക്കാലിക, അടിയന്തിര

Kannada Meaning: ತಾತ್ಕಾಲಿಕ, ತುರ್ತು

Synonyms: Temporary, improvised, makeshift

Antonyms: Permanent, planned, systematic

Example Sentence: Such an ad-hoc approach risks wrongful inclusions or exclusions.

43. Exclusions

Part of speech: Noun (plural)

Meaning: The practice of keeping someone or something out

Tamil Meaning: விலக்குதல், நீக்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ഒഴിവാക്കൽ, നീക്കം ചെയ്യൽ

Kannada Meaning: ಹೊರಗಿಡುವಿಕೆ, ತೆಗೆದುಹಾಕುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: Omissions, rejections, eliminations

Antonyms: Inclusions, admissions, acceptances

Example Sentence: The flawed process risks wrongful exclusions of eligible voters.

44. Undermining

Part of speech: Verb (present participle)

Meaning: Weakening or damaging something gradually

Tamil Meaning: குறைமதிப்பீடு செய்தல், பலவீனப்படுத்துதல்

Malayalam Meaning: ദുർബലപ്പെടുത്തൽ, ക്ഷയിപ്പിക്കൽ

Kannada Meaning: ದುರ್ಬಲಗೊಳಿಸುವಿಕೆ, ಕುಗ್ಗಿಸುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: Weakening, damaging, sabotaging

Antonyms: Strengthening, supporting, reinforcing

Example Sentence: The ad-hoc approach risks undermining the integrity of electoral rolls.

45. Integrity

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles

Tamil Meaning: நேர்மை, ஒருமைப்பாடு

Malayalam Meaning: സത്യസന്ധത, നിർഭയത്വം

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಾಮಾಣಿಕತೆ, ನೈತಿಕತೆ

Synonyms: Honesty, uprightness, probity

Antonyms: Corruption, dishonesty, deceit

Example Sentence: Flawed processes undermine the integrity of the electoral system.

46. Pragmatic

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Dealing with things sensibly and realistically

Tamil Meaning: நடைமுறை சார்ந்த, யதார்த்தமான

Malayalam Meaning: പ്രായോഗികമായ, യാഥാർത്ഥ്യബോധമുള്ള

Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಾಯೋಗಿಕ, ವಾಸ್ತವಿಕ

Synonyms: Practical, realistic, sensible

Antonyms: Idealistic, impractical, unrealistic

Example Sentence: The ECI should adopt a more pragmatic approach to document requirements.

47. Ubiquity

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The state of being everywhere at the same time

Tamil Meaning: எங்கும் இருப்பது, பரவலாக இருப்பது

Malayalam Meaning: സർവ്വത്രാവസ്ഥ, എല്ലായിടത്തും ഉള്ളത്

Kannada Meaning: ಎಲ್ಲೆಡೆ ಇರುವಿಕೆ, ವ್ಯಾಪಕತೆ

Synonyms: Universality, omnipresence, prevalence

Antonyms: Rarity, scarcity, absence

Example Sentence: The ubiquity of Aadhaar makes it an ideal proof of identity.

48. Agrarian

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Relating to cultivated land or farming

Tamil Meaning: விவசாய சார்ந்த, கிராமிய

Malayalam Meaning: കൃഷിയുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട, ഗ്രാമീണ

Kannada Meaning: ಕೃಷಿ ಸಂಬಂಧಿ, ಗ್ರಾಮೀಣ

Synonyms: Agricultural, rural, farming

Antonyms: Urban, industrial, commercial

Example Sentence: MGNREGA job cards are widely held among agrarian populations.

49. Onus

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The responsibility or burden of proof

Tamil Meaning: பொறுப்பு, கடமை

Malayalam Meaning: ഉത്തരവാദിത്വം, ഭാരം

Kannada Meaning: ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿ, ಹೊಣೆ

Synonyms: Responsibility, burden, duty

Antonyms: Freedom, exemption, release

Example Sentence: The onus is on state institutions to facilitate voter participation.

50. Facilitate

Part of speech: Verb

Meaning: Make an action or process easier or help to achieve

Tamil Meaning: உதவுதல், எளிதாக்குதல்

Malayalam Meaning: സുഗമമാക്കുന്നു, സഹായിക്കുന്നു

Kannada Meaning: ಸುಲಭಗೊಳಿಸುವುದು, ಸಹಾಯ ಮಾಡುವುದು

Synonyms: Enable, assist, help

Antonyms: Hinder, obstruct, prevent

Example Sentence: The ECI should facilitate participation rather than create barriers.

51. Rigid

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Unable to bend or be forced out of shape; strict

Tamil Meaning: கடினமான, விறைப்பான

Malayalam Meaning: കഠിനമായ, വളയാത്ത

Kannada Meaning: ಗಟ್ಟಿಯಾದ, ಕಠಿಣವಾದ

Synonyms: Inflexible, strict, unbending

Antonyms: Flexible, lenient, adaptable

Example Sentence: The current rigid documentary requirements burden voters unnecessarily.

52. Undue

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Excessive or inappropriate

Tamil Meaning: தேவையற்ற, அதிகமான

Malayalam Meaning: അനാവശ്യമായ, അമിതമായ

Kannada Meaning: ಅನಗತ್ಯ, ಅಧಿಕ

Synonyms: Excessive, inappropriate, unreasonable

Antonyms: Appropriate, reasonable, justified

Example Sentence: Rigid requirements place an undue burden on marginalised voters.

53. Marginalised

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Treated as insignificant or pushed to the edge of society

Tamil Meaning: ஒதுக்கப்பட்ட, புறக்கணிக்கப்பட்ட

Malayalam Meaning: പാർശ്വവത്കരിക്കപ്പെട്ട, അവഗണിക്കപ്പെട്ട

Kannada Meaning: ಅಂಚಿಗೆ ತಳ್ಳಲಾದ, ನಿರ್ಲಕ್ಷಿಸಲಾದ

Synonyms: Excluded, sidelined, disadvantaged

Antonyms: Included, privileged, mainstream

Example Sentence: Marginalised communities face the greatest barriers to voter registration.

54. Underprivileged

Part of speech: Adjective

Meaning: Not enjoying the same standard of living as the majority

Tamil Meaning: பின்தங்கிய, வறுமையான

Malayalam Meaning: പിന്നാക്കം നിൽക്കുന്ന, ദരിദ്രരായ

Kannada Meaning: ಹಿಂದುಳಿದ, ಬಡವರು

Synonyms: Disadvantaged, deprived, poor

Antonyms: Privileged, wealthy, advantaged

Example Sentence: Underprivileged voters already face significant hurdles in engaging with bureaucracy.

55. Bureaucracy

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: A system of government through departments and subdivisions

Tamil Meaning: அதிகாரத்துவம், அலுவலக முறை

Malayalam Meaning: ഉദ്യോഗസ്ഥവൃന്ദം, ഭരണകൂടം

Kannada Meaning: ಅಧಿಕಾರಶಾಹಿ, ಸರ್ಕಾರಿ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ

Synonyms: Administration, officialdom, red tape

Antonyms: Anarchy, informality, simplicity

Example Sentence: Complex procedures create barriers between citizens and bureaucracy.

56. Disenfranchisement

Part of speech: Noun

Meaning: The state of being deprived of voting rights

Tamil Meaning: வாக்குரிமை இழப்பு, தேர்தல் உரிமை மறுப்பு

Malayalam Meaning: വോട്ടവകാശം നഷ്ടപ്പെടുത്തൽ, അവകാശഭ്രംശം

Kannada Meaning: ಮತದಾನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಕಳೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವಿಕೆ

Synonyms: Disqualification, exclusion, deprivation

Antonyms: Enfranchisement, inclusion, empowerment

Example Sentence: Flawed processes risk widespread disenfranchisement of eligible voters.

Idiom of the Day: 8 July 2025

Cast a Watchful Eye

Formal

Meaning: To observe or monitor something or someone closely and carefully, often to ensure safety, correctness or proper behaviour

Explanation:

When you ‘cast a watchful eye’, you're keeping a close and attentive gaze on a situation, person or task.

This idiom implies active and careful monitoring, typically out of responsibility, concernor vigilance. It can be used in both personal and professional contexts, such as supervising children, overseeing a project or guarding against errors.

Example Sentences:

The teacher cast a watchful eye over the students during the exam.

The manager cast a watchful eye on the team to ensure the project stayed on schedule.

Officials cast a watchful eye on the election process to prevent malpractice.

With today’s The Hindu Editorial from 8 July 2025, you've learned 50+ powerful English vocabulary words with their meaning, meaning in English, meaning in Tamil, meaning in Kannada, meaning in Malayalam, Synonyms, antonyms and Example Sentences. Consistent practice like these builds not just your word bank but also sharpens your comprehension and expression for competitive exams and real-world communication.

Keep reading, keep learning! 💪📖

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