Learn Vocabulary - THE HINDU EDITORIAL - June 9, 2025

This post by Veranda Race helps aspirants learn 40+ high-level vocabulary words with meanings, synonyms, antonyms, and usage examples—perfect for Bank Exam, SSC Exam, and UPSC Exam preparation.

Reading The Hindu editorial daily enhances reading comprehension, critical thinking, and vocabulary retention. It sharpens your skills for essay writing, mains answers, and complex prelims passages. Ideal for current affairs, fluency, and precision, this vocabulary series empowers competitive exam aspirants to stay ahead. Prepare smartly with contextual learning from credible sources—only at Veranda Race.

The Hindu Editorial - June 2025

Meeting interlocutors

The delegations projected a united image of pluralistic India

The seven Indian delegations of mostly Members of Parliament and some former diplomats, tasked by the government to carry diplomatic messages after Operation Sindoor, have completed their travels. The 59 members visited 32 countries to convey the country’s position on the outrage felt over the Pahalgam terror attack and its links to Pakistan, the restrained and precise nature of Indian strikes on Pakistan’s terrorist infrastructure, and the “new normal” the government has adopted for terrorist strikes. The message was meant not just for foreign governments but also for lawmakers, the foreign media and the general public, especially in countries where New Delhi has felt it has not found the expected support. Many of the countries visited are members of the UN Security Council (UNSC), and include those which are elected non-permanent members or will join next year. This is important as India faced a diplomatic setback when Pakistan, an elected UNSC member for 2025-26, was able to amend the UNSC statement to omit references to The Resistance Front (TRF) that had claimed responsibility for the Pahalgam attack. That Pakistan managed to be chosen Chair of the Taliban Sanctions committee and Vice-Chair of the UN Counter-terrorism Committee will make India’s task of holding the terrorists responsible for the attack accountable through UN designations and at the Financial Action Task Force more difficult. Another area of focus was the membership of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation that has been particularly critical of India. Finally, the focus on the U.S. was pointed, where the delegation visited New York and Washington. This may have stemmed from the appearance that ties with Washington are strained over President Donald Trump’s persistent claim that he had mediated the ceasefire between India and Pakistan, using trade ties as a leverage to avert a “nuclear conflict”.

It remains to be seen just how successful these tours of political diplomacy have been, given criticism in India that more time was spent speaking to the Indian diaspora, and giving interviews to the accompanying Indian media rather than in influencing interlocutors abroad. The delegations also had to contend with a copy-cat move from Pakistan to counter the Indian narrative. However, the overarching message of the delegations, comprising representatives from a number of Indian States, faiths and political parties, is a powerful one – of Indian unity and consensus on the issue of national security. At a time when the Modi government is under criticism internationally for “democratic decline” and increasing majoritarianism, New Delhi chose its messengers wisely, with a view to projecting abroad a positive and pluralistic image of a country that was resolute against terrorism.

Lawful measures

Breaking the cycle of impunity in Manipur requires unpopular measures

Ethnic conflicts, unlike other variants of strife, are more difficult to end because of the nature and the level of grievances of the communities hostile to each other. This persecution complex is fed by those who drive passions to such an extent that taking a position on reconciliation through mutual compromises and peace-building becomes difficult even if a silent majority are in favour of it. Using threats by brandishing arms, chauvinist sections try to drown out voices of reason by drilling in fear and ideas of further vengeance. That seems to be the case with Manipur too, where, after months of dilly-dallying over taking on the patrons of violence, the Bharatiya Janata Party-led Union government has finally decided to isolate such elements and subject them to the long arm of the law. That the Imphal valley has again erupted in protest over the arrest of leaders of the extremist identitarian outfit, Arambai Tenggol, highlights the necessity and the difficulty of implementing law enforcement measures in an ethnic conflict. This group had engaged in acts of wanton lawlessness with impunity, targeting those who did not agree with its militant agenda with violence and threats. It had also coerced MLAs into signing pledges for its chauvinist cause. Shockingly, the then BJP-led State government looked the other way — a consequence of Chief Minister N. Biren Singh’s inability to rise above his partisanship. The security forces were also unable to act because of public protection for the violent offenders. Soon, such groups went to become a major threat to peace and it was only after implementing President’s Rule that the government managed to get the group, among others, to return most of the weapons looted from police constabularies.

The arrests have coincided with similar actions against other militant volunteers in the hills who were allegedly involved in violence against law enforcement officers. The government of Manipur, which is currently under President’s Rule, must make a clear case of the involvement of those arrested in crimes and bring them to justice. It should not give in to the threats made by those stoking communal passions, and must convince the people — across ethnic lines — that these are lawful actions against malefactors. It must simultaneously engage in talks with other stakeholders, also asserting that such steps will coincide with peace-building and rehabilitation measures. It must use devices such as convening all-party meetings and involving civil society representatives from across all ethnic lines to reinforce this message, and must not give in to pressure to reverse the legal steps taken against the offenders.

1. Delegations
Type: Noun
Meaning: Groups of people chosen to represent others in negotiations or discussions
Tamil Meaning: பிரதிநிதிகள் குழு (pirathinidhigal kuzhu)
Malayalam Meaning: പ്രതിനിധി സംഘം (prathinidhisangham)
Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿ ಸಂಘ (pratinidhi sangha)
Synonyms: Representatives, envoys, missions, deputations
Antonyms: Individuals, solo representatives
Example Sentence: The Indian delegations successfully conveyed the country's position on terrorism to international partners.

2. Tasked
Type: Verb (Past participle)
Meaning: Assigned a particular duty or responsibility
Tamil Meaning: பணி ஒப்படைக்கப்பட்ட (pani oppadaikkapatta)
Malayalam Meaning: ചുമതല നൽകപ്പെട്ട (chumathala nalkappetta)
Kannada Meaning: ಕಾರ್ಯ ನಿಯೋಜಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ (karya niyojisalagide)
Synonyms: Assigned, charged, commissioned, entrusted
Antonyms: Relieved, discharged, freed
Example Sentence: The diplomats were tasked with explaining India's stance on regional security issues.

3. Convey
Type: Verb
Meaning: To communicate or make known; to transport
Tamil Meaning: தெரிவிக்க (therivi)
Malayalam Meaning: അറിയിക്കുക (ariyikkuka)
Kannada Meaning: ತಿಳಿಸು (tilisu)
Synonyms: Communicate, express, transmit, deliver
Antonyms: Conceal, withhold, suppress
Example Sentence: The delegation aimed to convey India's concerns about cross-border terrorism.

4. Outrage
Type: Noun
Meaning: Extreme anger or indignation; a shocking or morally unacceptable act
Tamil Meaning: கோபம் / சீற்றம் (kopam/seetram)
Malayalam Meaning: രോഷം (rosham)
Kannada Meaning: ಕೋಪ (kopa)
Synonyms: Indignation, fury, anger, wrath
Antonyms: Calm, composure, serenity
Example Sentence: The nation expressed outrage over the terrorist attack in Pahalgam.

5. Restrained
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Controlled, measured, not excessive
Tamil Meaning: கட்டுப்படுத்தப்பட்ட (kattupaduthapatta)
Malayalam Meaning: നിയന്ത്രിത (niyantritha)
Kannada Meaning: ನಿಯಂತ್ರಿತ (niyantritha)
Synonyms: Controlled, moderate, measured, disciplined
Antonyms: Uncontrolled, excessive, wild, unrestrained
Example Sentence: India's restrained response demonstrated its commitment to proportional action.

6. Precise
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Exact, accurate, clearly defined
Tamil Meaning: துல்லியமான (thulliyamana)
Malayalam Meaning: കൃത്യമായ (krithyamaya)
Kannada Meaning: ನಿಖರವಾದ (nikharavada)
Synonyms: Accurate, exact, specific, definite
Antonyms: Vague, imprecise, approximate, unclear
Example Sentence: The military operation was precise and targeted specific terrorist infrastructure.

7. Strikes
Type: Noun/Verb
Meaning: Military attacks; to hit forcefully
Tamil Meaning: தாக்குதல்கள் (thakkuthalgal)
Malayalam Meaning: ആക്രമണങ്ങൾ (akramananagal)
Kannada Meaning: ದಾಳಿಗಳು (daligalu)
Synonyms: Attacks, raids, assaults, operations
Antonyms: Defense, protection, retreat
Example Sentence: The surgical strikes targeted terrorist training camps across the border.

8. Lawmakers
Type: Noun
Meaning: People who make or enact laws, legislators
Tamil Meaning: சட்டமியற்றுநர்கள் (sattamiyatrungal)
Malayalam Meaning: നിയമനിർമ്മാതാക്കൾ (niyamanirmatakkal)
Kannada Meaning: ಕಾನೂನು ನಿರ್ಮಾಪಕರು (kanoonu nirmpakaru)
Synonyms: Legislators, parliamentarians, congressmen, representatives
Antonyms: Citizens, subjects, constituents
Example Sentence: The lawmakers in various countries were briefed about India's anti-terrorism measures.

9. Setback
Type: Noun
Meaning: A reversal or defeat in progress
Tamil Meaning: பின்னடைவு (pinnadaivu)
Malayalam Meaning: തിരിച്ചടി (thirichadi)
Kannada Meaning: ಹಿನ್ನಡೆ (hinnade)
Synonyms: Reversal, defeat, disappointment, obstacle
Antonyms: Progress, advancement, success, breakthrough
Example Sentence: India faced a diplomatic setback when the UN statement was amended.

10. Amend
Type: Verb
Meaning: To change or modify, especially to improve
Tamil Meaning: திருத்த (thirutha)
Malayalam Meaning: ഭേദഗതി വരുത്തുക (bhedagathi varuthuka)
Kannada Meaning: ತಿದ್ದುಪಡಿ ಮಾಡು (thiddupadi madu)
Synonyms: Modify, revise, alter, change
Antonyms: Maintain, preserve, keep unchanged
Example Sentence: Pakistan was able to amend the UN Security Council statement to remove critical references.

11. Omit
Type: Verb
Meaning: To leave out or exclude
Tamil Meaning: விட்டுவிட (vittuvida)
Malayalam Meaning: ഒഴിവാക്കുക (ozhivakkuka)
Kannada Meaning: ಬಿಟ್ಟುಬಿಡು (bittubidu)
Synonyms: Exclude, skip, leave out, drop
Antonyms: Include, add, incorporate, mention
Example Sentence: The amended statement chose to omit any reference to the terrorist organization.

12. Accountable
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Required to justify actions or decisions; responsible
Tamil Meaning: பொறுப்புள்ள (poruppulla)
Malayalam Meaning: ഉത്തരവാദിത്തമുള്ള (utharvadithavulla)
Kannada Meaning: ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯುತ (jawabdariyutha)
Synonyms: Responsible, answerable, liable, obligated
Antonyms: Unaccountable, irresponsible, exempt
Example Sentence: India seeks to hold terrorists accountable through international legal mechanisms.

13. Designations
Type: Noun
Meaning: Official classifications or titles; appointments to positions
Tamil Meaning: பதவிகள் / அங்கீகாரங்கள் (padhavigal/angikarangal)
Malayalam Meaning: പദവികൾ (padhavigal)
Kannada Meaning: ಪದನಾಮಗಳು (padhanamgalu)
Synonyms: Titles, appointments, classifications, positions
Antonyms: Dismissals, removals, destitutions
Example Sentence: UN designations of terrorist organizations help in international cooperation against terrorism.

14. Stemmed
Type: Verb (Past tense)
Meaning: Originated or arose from
Tamil Meaning: தோன்றியது (thonriyathu)
Malayalam Meaning: ഉത്ഭവിച്ചു (uthbhavichu)
Kannada Meaning: ಹುಟ್ಟಿಕೊಂಡಿತು (huttikonditu)
Synonyms: Originated, arose, derived, resulted
Antonyms: Ended, concluded, terminated
Example Sentence: The diplomatic tension stemmed from disagreements over trade policies.

15. Ties
Type: Noun
Meaning: Relationships or connections between parties
Tamil Meaning: உறவுகள் (uravugal)
Malayalam Meaning: ബന്ധങ്ങൾ (bandhangal)
Kannada Meaning: ಸಂಬಂಧಗಳು (sambandhagalu)
Synonyms: Relationships, connections, bonds, links
Antonyms: Separation, disconnection, isolation
Example Sentence: Diplomatic ties between the two nations required careful nurturing.

16. Strained
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Tense, difficult, under pressure
Tamil Meaning: இறுக்கமான (irukamana)
Malayalam Meaning: പിരിമുറുക്കമുള്ള (pirimurukamulla)
Kannada Meaning: ಒತ್ತಡದಲ್ಲಿರುವ (ottadadalliruru)
Synonyms: Tense, difficult, troubled, stressed
Antonyms: Relaxed, smooth, easy, comfortable
Example Sentence: Relations became strained due to conflicting foreign policy positions.

17. Persistent
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Continuing firmly despite opposition or difficulty
Tamil Meaning: விடாமுயற்சி (vidamuyarchi)
Malayalam Meaning: നിരന്തരമായ (nirantharamaya)
Kannada Meaning: ನಿರಂತರ (niranthara)
Synonyms: Continuous, constant, determined, relentless
Antonyms: Intermittent, occasional, sporadic, inconsistent
Example Sentence: The President's persistent claims about mediation created diplomatic complications.

18. Mediated
Type: Verb (Past tense)
Meaning: Intervened to help resolve a dispute
Tamil Meaning: மத்தியஸ்தம் செய்தது (mathiyastham seiyathu)
Malayalam Meaning: മധ്യസ്ഥത വഹിച്ചു (madhyasthatha vahichu)
Kannada Meaning: ಮಧ್ಯಸ್ಥಿಕೆ ವಹಿಸಿದ (madhyasthike vahisida)
Synonyms: Arbitrated, intervened, facilitated, brokered
Antonyms: Ignored, avoided, abstained
Example Sentence: The international community mediated between the conflicting parties.

19. Ceasefire
Type: Noun
Meaning: A temporary suspension of fighting
Tamil Meaning: போர்நிறுத்தம் (porviruthavam)
Malayalam Meaning: യുദ്ധവിരാമം (yudhavimaram)
Kannada Meaning: ಯುದ್ಧ ವಿರಾಮ (yuddha virama)
Synonyms: Truce, armistice, suspension of hostilities
Antonyms: War, conflict, hostilities, combat
Example Sentence: Both nations agreed to observe a ceasefire while peace talks continued.

20. Leverage
Type: Noun
Meaning: Influence or power used to achieve a desired outcome
Tamil Meaning: செல்வாக்கு (selvakku)
Malayalam Meaning: സ്വാധീനം (swaadheenam)
Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಭಾವ (prabhava)
Synonyms: Influence, power, advantage, clout
Antonyms: Weakness, disadvantage, powerlessness
Example Sentence: Economic leverage was used to encourage peaceful resolution of the conflict.

21. Avert
Type: Verb
Meaning: To prevent or ward off
Tamil Meaning: தவிர்க்க (thavirkka)
Malayalam Meaning: ഒഴിവാക്കുക (ozhivakkuka)
Kannada Meaning: ತಪ್ಪಿಸು (thappisu)
Synonyms: Prevent, avoid, ward off, forestall
Antonyms: Cause, create, precipitate, provoke
Example Sentence: Diplomatic efforts were made to avert a potential nuclear conflict.

22. Diplomacy
Type: Noun
Meaning: The practice of conducting negotiations between nations
Tamil Meaning: இராஜதந்திரம் (rajathanthiram)
Malayalam Meaning: നയതന്ത്രം (nayathanthram)
Kannada Meaning: ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕತೆ (rajathantrrikate)
Synonyms: Statecraft, negotiation, international relations
Antonyms: Aggression, force, conflict
Example Sentence: Effective diplomacy requires skill in negotiation and cultural understanding.

23. Criticism
Type: Noun
Meaning: The expression of disapproval based on perceived faults
Tamil Meaning: விமர்சனம் (vimarshanam)
Malayalam Meaning: വിമർശനം (vimarshanam)
Kannada Meaning: ವಿಮರ್ಶೆ (vimarshe)
Synonyms: Disapproval, censure, fault-finding, critique
Antonyms: Praise, approval, commendation, acclaim
Example Sentence: The delegation faced criticism for spending too much time with diaspora communities.

24. Diaspora
Type: Noun
Meaning: People living outside their native country
Tamil Meaning: வெளிநாட்டு குடியேற்றம் (velinate gudiyetram)
Malayalam Meaning: പ്രവാസികൾ (pravasikal)
Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರವಾಸಿಗಳು (pravvasigalu)
Synonyms: Emigrants, expatriates, overseas community
Antonyms: Natives, residents, locals
Example Sentence: The Indian diaspora played a crucial role in explaining the country's position.

25. Accompanying
Type: Adjective/Verb (Present participle)
Meaning: Going along with; being present with
Tamil Meaning: துணையுடன் (thunaiyudan)
Malayalam Meaning: കൂടെയുള്ള (koodeyulla)
Kannada Meaning: ಜೊತೆಯಲ್ಲಿರುವ (joteyalliruru)
Synonyms: Attending, escorting, going with, joining
Antonyms: Leaving, departing, abandoning
Example Sentence: The accompanying media provided extensive coverage of the diplomatic mission.

26. Interlocutors
Type: Noun
Meaning: People who take part in dialogue or conversation
Tamil Meaning: உரையாடல் பங்கேற்பாளர்கள் (uraiyalal pankerpalargal)
Malayalam Meaning: സംഭാഷണ പങ്കാളികൾ (sambhashana pankalikal)
Kannada Meaning: ಸಂಭಾಷಣೆ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಳ್ಳುವವರು (sambhashane palgolluvuru)
Synonyms: Conversationalists, dialogue partners, discussants
Antonyms: Silent observers, non-participants
Example Sentence: The diplomatic team engaged with various interlocutors to build international consensus.

27. Contend
Type: Verb
Meaning: To struggle or compete; to assert
Tamil Meaning: போராட (porada)
Malayalam Meaning: മത്സരിക്കുക (mathsarikkuka)
Kannada Meaning: ಹೋರಾಡು (horaadu)
Synonyms: Compete, struggle, fight, assert
Antonyms: Surrender, yield, give up
Example Sentence: The delegations had to contend with counter-narratives from opposing sides.

28. Copy-cat
Type: Adjective/Noun
Meaning: Imitative; one who copies others
Tamil Meaning: அப்படியே பிரதிபலிக்கும் (appadiye prathibalikkum)
Malayalam Meaning: അനുകരിക്കുന്ന (anukarikkuna)
Kannada Meaning: ಅನುಕರಿಸುವ (anukarisuru)
Synonyms: Imitative, mimicking, copying
Antonyms: Original, innovative, creative
Example Sentence: Pakistan's copy-cat diplomatic mission attempted to counter India's narrative.

29. Counter
Type: Verb
Meaning: To oppose or respond to
Tamil Meaning: எதிர்க்க (ethirkka)
Malayalam Meaning: എതിർക്കുക (ethirkuka)
Kannada Meaning: ವಿರೋಧಿಸು (virodhisu)
Synonyms: Oppose, resist, challenge, rebut
Antonyms: Support, agree, accept, endorse
Example Sentence: Each side tried to counter the other's diplomatic initiatives.

30. Narrative
Type: Noun
Meaning: A particular way of explaining or understanding events
Tamil Meaning: கதைமொழி (kathaimozhi)
Malayalam Meaning: ആഖ്യാനം (aakhyanam)
Kannada Meaning: ನಿರೂಪಣೆ (niroopane)
Synonyms: Story, account, version, explanation
Antonyms: Facts, reality, truth (when narrative is false)
Example Sentence: Both countries sought to establish their narrative of events in international forums.

31. Overarching
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Comprehensive, overall, encompassing
Tamil Meaning: விரிவான (virivana)
Malayalam Meaning: വിപുലമായ (vipulamaya)
Kannada Meaning: ವ್ಯಾಪಕವಾದ (vyapakavada)
Synonyms: Comprehensive, overall, encompassing, broad
Antonyms: Narrow, limited, specific, restricted
Example Sentence: The overarching message emphasized national unity against terrorism.

32. Comprising
Type: Verb (Present participle)
Meaning: Consisting of, including
Tamil Meaning: கொண்டிருக்கும் (kondirukum)
Malayalam Meaning: ഉൾക്കൊള്ളുന്ന (ulkolluna)
Kannada Meaning: ಒಳಗೊಂಡ (olagonda)
Synonyms: Including, containing, consisting of, encompassing
Antonyms: Excluding, omitting, lacking
Example Sentence: The delegation comprising members from various parties showed national consensus.

33. Majoritarianism
Type: Noun
Meaning: The practice of majority rule without regard for minority rights
Tamil Meaning: பெரும்பான்மையினர் ஆதிக்கம் (perumpanmaiyinar aadhikam)
Malayalam Meaning: ഭൂരിപക്ഷവാദം (bhooripakshavadam)
Kannada Meaning: ಬಹುಸಂಖ್ಯಾತರ ಪ್ರಾಬಲ್ಯ (bahusankhyathara prabalya)
Synonyms: Majority rule, populism (negative sense)
Antonyms: Pluralism, minority rights protection
Example Sentence: Critics accused the government of promoting majoritarianism over inclusive governance.

34. Projecting
Type: Verb (Present participle)
Meaning: Displaying or presenting an image
Tamil Meaning: காட்டுதல் (kattuthal)
Malayalam Meaning: പ്രക്ഷേപിക്കുന്ന (prakshepikkuna)
Kannada Meaning: ತೋರಿಸುವ (thorisuru)
Synonyms: Displaying, presenting, showing, portraying
Antonyms: Hiding, concealing, suppressing
Example Sentence: The government focused on projecting a positive image of democratic India.

35. Pluralistic
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Relating to diversity; accepting different beliefs
Tamil Meaning: பல்வேறுபட்ட (palveruppatta)
Malayalam Meaning: ബഹുത്വപരമായ (bahuthvaparamaya)
Kannada Meaning: ಬಹುತ್ವದ (bahuthvada)
Synonyms: Diverse, inclusive, multicultural, varied
Antonyms: Uniform, homogeneous, exclusive
Example Sentence: India's pluralistic democracy accommodates various religions and cultures.

36. Resolute
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Admirably purposeful, determined, unwavering
Tamil Meaning: உறுதியான (uruthiyana)
Malayalam Meaning: ദൃഢനിശ്ചയമുള്ള (dridanishchayamulla)
Kannada Meaning: ದೃಢವಾದ (dridhavada)
Synonyms: Determined, firm, steadfast, unwavering
Antonyms: Irresolute, wavering, uncertain, hesitant
Example Sentence: The nation remained resolute in its fight against terrorism.

## Lawful Measures

37. Ethnic
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Relating to a particular race or cultural group
Tamil Meaning: இனம் சார்ந்த (inam saarntha)
Malayalam Meaning: വംശീയ (vamsheeya)
Kannada Meaning: ಜನಾಂಗೀಯ (janangeeya)
Synonyms: Racial, cultural, tribal, communal
Antonyms: Universal, non-ethnic, secular
Example Sentence: Ethnic conflicts require sensitive handling to prevent further escalation.

38. Strife
Type: Noun
Meaning: Bitter conflict or struggle
Tamil Meaning: சண்டை (sandai)
Malayalam Meaning: സംഘർഷം (sangarsham)
Kannada Meaning: ಸಂಘರ್ಷ (sangharsha)
Synonyms: Conflict, discord, struggle, tension
Antonyms: Peace, harmony, cooperation, accord
Example Sentence: The region has been affected by ethnic strife for several months.

39. Grievances
Type: Noun
Meaning: Complaints or resentments about unfair treatment
Tamil Meaning: குறைகள் (kuraigal)
Malayalam Meaning: പരാതികൾ (parathikal)
Kannada Meaning: ದೂರುಗಳು (doorugalu)
Synonyms: Complaints, protests, resentments, objections
Antonyms: Satisfaction, contentment, approval
Example Sentence: Historical grievances between communities fuel ongoing tensions.

40. Hostile
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Showing or feeling opposition or dislike
Tamil Meaning: விரோதமான (virodhamana)
Malayalam Meaning: ശത്രുതാപരമായ (shathruthaaparamaya)
Kannada Meaning: ಶತ್ರುತ್ವದ (shatruthvada)
Synonyms: Antagonistic, unfriendly, aggressive, opposing
Antonyms: Friendly, welcoming, cooperative, peaceful
Example Sentence: The hostile communities refused to engage in peace talks.

41. Persecution
Type: Noun
Meaning: Hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of beliefs
Tamil Meaning: துன்புறுத்தல் (thunburuthal)
Malayalam Meaning: പീഡനം (peedanam)
Kannada Meaning: ಹಿಂಸೆ (himse)
Synonyms: Oppression, harassment, victimization, maltreatment
Antonyms: Protection, support, assistance, care
Example Sentence: The persecution complex prevented rational dialogue between the groups.

42. Complex
Type: Noun
Meaning: A related group of unconscious feelings or ideas
Tamil Meaning: சிக்கலான மனநிலை (sikkalana mananilayi)
Malayalam Meaning: സമുച്ചയം (samuchayam)
Kannada Meaning: ಸಂಕೀರ್ಣ (sankeerna)
Synonyms: Syndrome, obsession, fixation
Antonyms: Simplicity, clarity, straightforwardness
Example Sentence: The persecution complex made it difficult for the community to trust peace initiatives.

43. Extent
Type: Noun
Meaning: The degree or scope of something
Tamil Meaning: அளவு (alavu)
Malayalam Meaning: വ്യാപ്തി (vyaapthi)
Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರಮಾಣ (pramana)
Synonyms: Degree, scope, range, magnitude
Antonyms: Limitation, restriction, minimum
Example Sentence: The extent of violence had reached alarming proportions.

44. Reconciliation
Type: Noun
Meaning: The restoration of friendly relations
Tamil Meaning: நல்லிணக்கம் (nallinakkam)
Malayalam Meaning: അനുരഞ്ജനം (anuranjanam)
Kannada Meaning: ಸಮಾಧಾನ (samadhana)
Synonyms: Peace-making, settlement, accord, harmony
Antonyms: Conflict, discord, separation, hostility
Example Sentence: True reconciliation requires addressing the root causes of the conflict.

45. Compromises
Type: Noun
Meaning: Agreements reached by mutual concession
Tamil Meaning: சமரசங்கள் (samarasangal)
Malayalam Meaning: വിട്ടുവീഴ്ചകൾ (vittuveezhchakal)
Kannada Meaning: ಸಮಾಧಾನಗಳು (samadhanagalu)
Synonyms: Concessions, agreements, settlements, deals
Antonyms: Stubbornness, inflexibility, demands
Example Sentence: Both sides must be willing to make compromises for lasting peace.

46. Brandishing
Type: Verb (Present participle)
Meaning: Waving or displaying something as a threat
Tamil Meaning: மிரட்டுவதற்காக காட்டுதல் (mirattuvatharkaga kattuthal)
Malayalam Meaning: ഭീഷണിപ്പെടുത്തി കാണിക്കുക (bheeshanippeduthi kanikkuka)
Kannada Meaning: ಬೆದರಿಸುತ್ತಾ ತೋರಿಸು (bedarisutta thorisu)
Synonyms: Waving, flourishing, displaying threateningly
Antonyms: Concealing, hiding, putting away
Example Sentence: The militants were brandishing weapons to intimidate peaceful protesters.

47. Chauvinist
Type: Adjective/Noun
Meaning: Showing excessive devotion to one's group, often with prejudice
Tamil Meaning: தீவிர இனவெறி (theevira inaveri)
Malayalam Meaning: മൗലികവാദി (maulikavaadi)
Kannada Meaning: ಕಮ್ಮಿವಾದಿ (kammivadi)
Synonyms: Extremist, bigoted, prejudiced, fanatical
Antonyms: Tolerant, moderate, inclusive, liberal
Example Sentence: Chauvinist elements tried to prevent dialogue between communities.

48. Drilling in
Type: Phrasal Verb
Meaning: Instilling through repetition; making deeply embedded
Tamil Meaning: ஆழமாக பதிய வைத்தல் (azhamaga pathiya vaithal)
Malayalam Meaning: ആഴത്തിൽ പതിപ്പിക്കുക (aazhaththil pathippikkuka)
Kannada Meaning: ಆಳವಾಗಿ ಹುದುಗಿಸು (aalavagi hudugisu)
Synonyms: Instilling, ingraining, embedding, reinforcing
Antonyms: Removing, extracting, eliminating
Example Sentence: Extremist groups were drilling in fear and hatred among the population.

49. Dilly-dallying
Type: Verb (Present participle)
Meaning: Wasting time through indecision or delay
Tamil Meaning: தாமதம் (thamatham)
Malayalam Meaning: കാലതാമസം (kaalathaamasam)
Kannada Meaning: ವಿಳಂಬ (vilamb)
Synonyms: Procrastinating, delaying, hesitating, dawdling
Antonyms: Acting quickly, deciding promptly, rushing
Example Sentence: After months of dilly-dallying, the government finally took decisive action.

50. Patrons
Type: Noun
Meaning: People who support or protect others
Tamil Meaning: ஆதரவாளர்கள் (aatharavalar)
Malayalam Meaning: രക്ഷാധികാരികൾ (rakshadhikaarikal)
Kannada Meaning: ಪೋಷಕರು (poshakaru)
Synonyms: Supporters, sponsors, protectors, backers
Antonyms: Opponents, enemies, critics
Example Sentence: The government decided to take action against the patrons of violence.

51. Isolate
Type: Verb
Meaning: To set apart from others; to separate
Tamil Meaning: தனிமைப்படுத்த (thanimaipaduththa)
Malayalam Meaning: ഒറ്റപ്പെടുത്തുക (ottappeduthuka)
Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರತ್ಯೇಕಿಸು (prathyekisu)
Synonyms: Separate, quarantine, segregate, cut off
Antonyms: Include, integrate, unite, connect
Example Sentence: The strategy was to isolate violent elements from mainstream society.

52. Long arm
Type: Idiom
Meaning: The far-reaching power or influence of authority
Tamil Meaning: நீண்ட கை (neenda kai) - சட்டத்தின் வலிமை (sattathiyan valimai)
Malayalam Meaning: നീണ്ട കൈ (neenda kai) - നിയമത്തിന്റെ ശക്തി (niyamatthinte shakthi)
Kannada Meaning: ಉದ್ದನೆಯ ಕೈ (uddaneya kai) - ಕಾನೂನಿನ ಶಕ್ತಿ (kaanoonina shakthi)
Synonyms: Authority, power, reach, jurisdiction
Antonyms: Powerlessness, impotence, weakness
Example Sentence: No one can escape the long arm of the law forever.

53. Erupted
Type: Verb (Past tense)
Meaning: Broke out suddenly and violently
Tamil Meaning: வெடித்தது (vedithvathu)
Malayalam Meaning: പൊട്ടിപ്പുറപ്പെട്ടു (pottippurappettu)
Kannada Meaning: ಸ್ಫೋಟಗೊಂಡಿತು (sphotegonditu)
Synonyms: Exploded, burst out, flared up, broke out
Antonyms: Calmed, subsided, settled, quieted
Example Sentence: The valley erupted in protests following the arrests.

54. Extremist
Type: Adjective/Noun
Meaning: Holding radical views; person with extreme views
Tamil Meaning: தீவிரவாதி (theeravathi)
Malayalam Meaning: തീവ്രവാദി (theevravadi)
Kannada Meaning: ಉಗ್ರವಾದಿ (ugravadi)
Synonyms: Radical, fanatic, militant, fundamentalist
Antonyms: Moderate, centrist, liberal, tolerant
Example Sentence: The extremist group was responsible for inciting violence.

55. Identitarian
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Relating to identity-based politics or ideology
Tamil Meaning: அடையாள அரசியல் (adaiyala arasiyal)
Malayalam Meaning: സ്വത്വവാദി (swathvavaadi)
Kannada Meaning: ಗುರುತು ಆಧಾರಿತ (guruthu adharitha)
Synonyms: Identity-focused, ethnic-based, community-centric
Antonyms: Universal, secular, non-sectarian
Example Sentence: The identitarian movement promoted exclusive community interests.

56. Necessity
Type: Noun
Meaning: The state of being required or essential
Tamil Meaning: தேவை (thevai)
Malayalam Meaning: ആവശ്യകത (aavashyakatha)
Kannada Meaning: ಅಗತ್ಯತೆ (agathyathe)
Synonyms: Need, requirement, essential, imperative
Antonyms: Luxury, option, choice, dispensability
Example Sentence: The necessity of law enforcement became clear after the violence escalated.

57. Wanton
Type: Adjective
Meaning: Deliberate and unprovoked; reckless
Tamil Meaning: வேண்டுமென்றே (vendumenre)
Malayalam Meaning: ഉദ്ദേശ്യപൂർവ്വം (uddheshyapoorvam)
Kannada Meaning: ಉದ್ದೇಶಪೂರ್ವಕ (uddheshapoorvaka)
Synonyms: Deliberate, reckless, unprovoked, gratuitous
Antonyms: Justified, restrained, controlled, necessary
Example Sentence: The group engaged in wanton destruction of public property.

58. Impunity
Type: Noun
Meaning: Exemption from punishment or consequences
Tamil Meaning: தண்டனையின்மை (thandanaiyinmai)
Malayalam Meaning: ശിക്ഷാരാഹിത്യം (shikshaarahithyam)
Kannada Meaning: ಶಿಕ್ಷೆಯಿಂದ ಮುಕ್ತಿ (shiksheyinda mukthi)
Synonyms: Immunity, exemption, freedom from consequences
Antonyms: Accountability, responsibility, punishment
Example Sentence: The criminals had been acting with complete impunity until the crackdown.

59. Militant
Type: Adjective/Noun
Meaning: Combative, aggressive; person engaged in aggressive activism
Tamil Meaning: போர்க்குணமுள்ள (porkkunamulla)
Malayalam Meaning: തീവ്രവാദി (theevravadi)
Kannada Meaning: ಯುದ್ಧವೀರ (yuddhhaveera)
Synonyms: Aggressive, combative, warlike, radical
Antonyms: Peaceful, passive, moderate, pacifist
Example Sentence: The militant faction refused to participate in peace negotiations.

60. Coerced
Type: Verb (Past tense)
Meaning: Forced someone to do something against their will
Tamil Meaning: வலுக்கட்டாயம் செய்தது (valukattayam seyathu)
Malayalam Meaning: നിർബന്ധിച്ചു (nirbandhichu)
Kannada Meaning: ಒತ್ತಾಯಿಸಿದ (ottayisida)
Synonyms: Forced, pressured, compelled, intimidated
Antonyms: Persuaded, convinced, allowed, permitted
Example Sentence: The legislators were coerced into supporting the extremist agenda.

61. Pledges
Type: Noun
Meaning: Solemn promises or commitments
Tamil Meaning: உறுதிமொழிகள் (uruthimozhigal)
Malayalam Meaning: പ്രതിജ്ഞകൾ (prathijnjakal)
Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರತಿಜ್ಞೆಗಳು (prathijnjegalu)
Synonyms: Promises, commitments, vows, assurances
Antonyms: Violations, breaches, betrayals
Example Sentence: The MLAs were forced to sign pledges supporting the group's demands.

62. Partisanship
Type: Noun
Meaning: Strong, sometimes blind support for a particular party or cause
Tamil Meaning: கட்சி பாரபட்சம் (katsi parapatsam)
Malayalam Meaning: പക്ഷപാതം (pakshaapatham)
Kannada Meaning: ಪಕ್ಷಪಾತ (pakshapatha)
Synonyms: Bias, favoritism, prejudice, sectarianism
Antonyms: Impartiality, neutrality, fairness, objectivity
Example Sentence: The Chief Minister's partisanship prevented him from taking impartial action.

63. Looted
Type: Verb (Past tense)
Meaning: Stole goods, especially during disorder
Tamil Meaning: கொள்ளையடித்தது (kollaiyaithathu)
Malayalam Meaning: കൊള്ളയടിച്ചു (kollayaadich)
Kannada Meaning: ಲೂಟಿ ಮಾಡಿದ (looti madida)
Synonyms: Plundered, robbed, pillaged, ransacked
Antonyms: Protected, preserved, returned, restored
Example Sentence: The militants had looted weapons from police stations during the unrest.

64. Constabularies
Type: Noun
Meaning: Police forces; police stations
Tamil Meaning: காவல் நிலையங்கள் (kaval nilaiyangal)
Malayalam Meaning: പോലീസ് സ്റ്റേഷനുകൾ (police stationukal)
Kannada Meaning: ಪೊಲೀಸ್ ಠಾಣೆಗಳು (police thanegalu)
Synonyms: Police stations, law enforcement agencies
Antonyms: Criminal organizations, lawless groups
Example Sentence: Several constabularies were attacked during the ethnic violence.

65. Allegedly
Type: Adverb
Meaning: According to what is claimed but not proven
Tamil Meaning: குற்றம் சாட்டப்பட்ட (kutram sattapatta)
Malayalam Meaning: ആരോപണപ്രകാരം (aaropanaprakaaram)
Kannada Meaning: ಆರೋಪದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ (aaropada prakaara)
Synonyms: Supposedly, reportedly, purportedly, ostensibly
Antonyms: Certainly, definitely, provenly, confirmed
Example Sentence: The suspects were allegedly involved in attacks on security forces.

66. Stoking
Type: Verb (Present participle)
Meaning: Encouraging or inciting strong feelings
Tamil Meaning: தூண்டுதல் (thoonduthal)
Malayalam Meaning: ഉത്തേജിപ്പിക്കുന്ന (uthejippikkunna)
Kannada Meaning: ಪ್ರೇರೇಪಿಸುವ (prerepisu)
Synonyms: Inciting, fueling, provoking, inflaming
Antonyms: Calming, soothing, pacifying, cooling
Example Sentence: Political leaders were accused of stoking communal tensions.

67. Malefactors
Type: Noun
Meaning: People who commit crimes or cause harm
Tamil Meaning: குற்றவாளிகள் (kutravalikal)
Malayalam Meaning: കുറ്റവാളികൾ (kuttavaalikal)
Kannada Meaning: ಅಪರಾಧಿಗಳು (aparadhigalu)
Synonyms: Criminals, wrongdoers, offenders, perpetrators
Antonyms: Law-abiding citizens, benefactors, heroes
Example Sentence: The government vowed to bring all malefactors to justice.

68. Asserting
Type: Verb (Present participle)
Meaning: Stating or declaring confidently
Tamil Meaning: உறுதியாக கூறுதல் (uruthiyaga kooral)
Malayalam Meaning: ഉറപ്പിച്ചു പറയുന്ന (urappicu pariyunna)
Kannada Meaning: ದೃಢವಾಗಿ ಹೇಳುವ (dridhavagi heluva)
Synonyms: Declaring, stating, affirming, maintaining
Antonyms: Denying, questioning, doubting, retracting
Example Sentence: The authorities kept asserting their commitment to law and order.

69. Coincide
Type: Verb
Meaning: Occur at the same time; correspond
Tamil Meaning: ஒரே நேரத்தில் நடக்க (ore nerathil nadakka)
Malayalam Meaning: ഒരുമിച്ച് സംഭവിക്കുക (orumich sambhavikkuka)
Kannada Meaning: ಏಕಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ನಡೆಯು (ekakaaladalli nadeyu)
Synonyms: Correspond, align, synchronize, match
Antonyms: Differ, diverge, separate, conflict
Example Sentence: The arrests will coincide with broader peace-building initiatives.

70. Rehabilitation
Type: Noun
Meaning: The process of restoring to normal life
Tamil Meaning: மறு வாழ்வு (maru vaazhvu)
Malayalam Meaning: പുനരധിവാസം (punaradhivaasam)
Kannada Meaning: ಪುನರ್ವಸತಿ (punarvasathi)
Synonyms: Restoration, reintegration, recovery, renewal
Antonyms: Deterioration, decline, abandonment
Example Sentence: The government announced comprehensive rehabilitation programs for affected communities.

71. Convening
Type: Verb (Present participle)
Meaning: Calling together for a meeting
Tamil Meaning: கூட்டுதல் (koottuthal)
Malayalam Meaning: വിളിച്ചുകൂട്ടുന്ന (vilichukoottunna)
Kannada Meaning: ಕರೆದು ಸೇರಿಸುವ (karedu serisuva)
Synonyms: Assembling, gathering, summoning, calling
Antonyms: Dispersing, dismissing, adjourning, dissolving
Example Sentence: The government is convening all-party meetings to build consensus.

72. Reinforce
Type: Verb
Meaning: Strengthen or support; make stronger
Tamil Meaning: வலுப்படுத்த (valuppaduththa)
Malayalam Meaning: ബലപ്പെടുത്തുക (balappeduthuka)
Kannada Meaning: ಬಲಪಡಿಸು (balapadisu)
Synonyms: Strengthen, support, bolster, fortify
Antonyms: Weaken, undermine, diminish, reduce
Example Sentence: These measures will reinforce the message of unity and lawful governance.

With today’s THE HINDU Editorial from June 9, 2025, you've learned 40+ powerful vocabulary words. Consistent practice like these builds not just your word bank but also sharpens your comprehension and expression for exams and real-world communication. Keep reading, keep learning! 💪📖

Follow our Veranda Race Blogs for more detailed information & instant notification about Banking, SSC , Railways , TNPSC , Karnataka PSC & TNUSRB Exams from the below given link.

Veranda Race Blog

DISCLAIMER: The Hindu Editorial words and content shared here are used solely for educational purposes to help students enhance their vocabulary and language skills. We acknowledge and attribute all such content toTHG PUBLISHING PVT LTD, and we do not claim any ownership over it. This material is not intended for any commercial or unauthorised use. Students are encouraged to refer to the original articles onTHE HINDU’s official platformsfor comprehensive reading.